Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science (한국초지조사료학회지)

The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science (한국초지조사료학회)
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Evaluation of Grassland Grade by Grassland Vegetation Ratio

초지식생비율에 의한 초지등급평가 연구

  • Lee, Bae Hun (National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Kim, Ji Yung (College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Park, Hyung Soo (National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Sung, Kyung Il (College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Kim, Byong Wan (College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University)
  • Received : 2020.02.17
  • Accepted : 2020.03.11
  • Published : 2020.03.31
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Abstract

This study was conducted to suggest the new grassland grade system on evaluating the grassland status. The grassland status has been evaluated based on the forage yield (good, fair and poor) by municipal authorities. The grassland grades by current system were 19 good, 11 fair and 11 poor among the 41 grassland farms from 6 provinces. This evaluation result differed greatly from the result of actual measurement of forage yields which showed all poor. The big difference was resulted from failing the reflection of the various characteristics, such as different seasonal growth and harvest frequency. Furthermore, the lack of consistent examining date and method added the inaccuracy of current grassland grade system. The new grassland grade system based on the grassland vegetation ratio (grass, weed and bare soil) was initially designed into 6-grade system (1st; 100~80%, 2nd; 79~60%, 3rd; 59~40%, 4th; 39~20%; 5th; 19~1% and 6th; 0% on the basis of grasses proportion), but later was changed into 4-grade system (1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th grades are 70% or more, 50% or more, 50% or less, and 0% of forage proportion, respectively) after reflecting the opinion of grassland farms and municipal authorities. Re-evaluation on the grassland status using the 4-grade system resulted in the total 80% consisted of 2nd, 3rd and 4th grade which means most grasslands needs the partial reseeding or the rehabilitation of entire grassland. Pictures and schematic diagrams depicting the 4-grade system were presented to improve the objectivity of evaluation. The optimal time for assessing grassland status is fall when plant height 20~30 cm. Conclusively, the 4-grade system is an efficient method for all non-professionals including grassland farms or municipal authorities in assessing the grassland status. To apply this system to the field, the institutional arrangements such as amendment of grassland act should take place in advance.

본 연구는 초지등급의 평가를 기존의 목초생산량 기준에서 초지식생비율(초종, 잡초 및 나지)에 의한 기준으로 할 것을 제안하였다. 6개도의 초지보유 41농가에 대하여 지자체가 목초생산량 기준으로 평가한 초지등급은 상 19농가, 중 11농가 및 하 11농가이었으나 실측조사를 통해 평가한 초지등급은 모두 하 등급으로 나타나 지자체와 실측 조사간에 차이가 컸다. 이것은 목초생산량에 대한 조사가 조사시기 및 조사횟수 등 조사방법에 대한 통일된 기준이 없이 임의적으로 수행되어 계절적 변동이 심하고 여러번 예취하는 목초의 생육특성을 반영하지 못한 결과에 기인한다고 할 수 있다. 초지식생비율에 의한 초지등급기준은 6단계등급으로 작성한 후 지자체 및 초지농가의 현장 의견을 반영하여 최종적으로는 4단계등급으로 결정하였다. 4단계등급 기준으로 41 농가의 초지등급을 재평가한 결과 2등급이하가 80%이상으로 나타나 부분적 보파나 전면적 갱신을 필요로 하였다. 4 단계등급 기준에 의거 평가 시 객관성을 높이기 위하여 모식도와 표준식생 사진을 함께 제시하였다. 초지식생 조사는 가을철 목초 초장이 20~30 cm일때가 가장 적합하다고 판단하였다. 이상에서 초지식생비율에 의한 4단계등급에 의한 초지등급 평가방법은 비전문가인 초지농가나 지자체가 현장에서 용이하게 활용할 수 있는 효과적인 수단으로 판단된다. 본 연구에서 제시된 초지식생 비율에 의한 초지등급평가 방법이 현장에 적용되기 위해서는 초지법의 개정 등 제도적인 장치가 마련되어야 할 것이다.

Keywords

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