Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure

Korean Society of Ecology and Infrastructure Engineering (응용생태공학회)
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Riparian Vegetation Expansion Due to the Change of Rainfall Pattern and Water Level in the River

강우 발생 패턴변화와 하천 수위 변화가 하천식생 발생에 미치는 영향

  • Kim, Won (Department of Land, Water and Environment Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology) ;
  • Kim, Sinae (Deputy General Manager, Department of Water Resources, Isan Corporation)
  • 김원 (한국건설기술연구원 국토보전연구본부) ;
  • 김시내 ((주)이산 수자원부)
  • Received : 2020.11.19
  • Accepted : 2020.12.15
  • Published : 2020.12.31
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Abstract

This study aims to examine the causes of the rapid expansion of riparian vegetation in river channels in recent years. Accordingly, the changes in the monthly rainfall were analyzed at 19 locations over the period of 1984 to 2018. Moreover, the changes in the water levels of the target river sections of Seom River, Cheongmi River, and Naeseong River were analyzed. The results showed that rainfall increased by 30% in April and decreased by up to 49% in the May-September period since 2012. Between 2012 and 2018, when rainfall decreased, the inundation time of the floodplains of the target rivers decreased considerably. The floodplains of Seom River and Cheongmi River were not inundated since 2012 and 2013, respectively. In the case of Naeseong River, the inundation time of the low-water channel drastically decreased since 2013, and there was no inundation in 2015. Consequently, riparian vegetation settled rapidly on the floodplain without any disturbance and continued to expand. The settling and expansion of riparian vegetation reduce the flood capacity of the river channel and can also lead to the loss of the water ecosystem due to terrestrialization.

본 연구의 목적은 최근 급격하게 증가하고 있는 하천내 식생의 발생원인을 분석하는 것이다. 이를 위해 1984년에서 2018년까지 35년 동안 19개 지점의 월강우량 변화를 분석하였고, 섬강, 청미천, 내성천 식생 발생 단면에서의 수위변화를 분석하였다. 그 결과 2012년 이후 4월 강우량은 30% 증가하였고, 5월에서 9월까지의 강우량은 최대 49% 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 강우량이 감소한 2012년에서 2018년 사이에 섬강, 청미천, 내성천에서 하천 전단면이 침수되는 시간이 급격하게 줄어들었는데 섬강은 2012년, 청미천은 2013년 이후 고수부지가 한 번도 물에 잠기지 않았다. 내성천에서도 2013년 이후 저수로 전체가 침수되는 시간이 급격하게 줄어들었고 2015년에는 한 번도 잠기지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 영향으로 침수가 되지 않은 부분에서 식생이 급격하게 발생하였고 시간 경과에 따라 정착한 것으로 판단된다. 하천 식생의 확대와 정착은 하천 통수능의 감소 뿐만아니라 육역화로 인한 수상 생태계 상실로 이어질 수 있기 때문에 이에 대한 대책의 수립이 필요하다.

Keywords

References

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