Journal of Home Health Care Nursing (가정∙방문간호학회지)

Korean Academic Society of Home Health Care Nursing (한국가정∙방문간호학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Meaning of Marriage & Childbirth among Korean Female University Students Living in the United States: A Phenomenological Approach

미주 한인 여대생이 생각하는 결혼과 출산의 의미: 현상학적 접근

  • Received : 2020.11.22
  • Accepted : 2020.12.13
  • Published : 2020.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to describe the meaning of marriage and childbirth among Korean female university students living in the United States, who are influenced both by Korean culture at home and American culture in social contexts. Methods: This qualitative study used phenomenological approaches. Data were collected through individual in-depth interviews with five Korean female university students living in the United States. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi's method to derive the meaning of marriage and childbirth. Results: From the data, 239 meaningful statements, 49 meaning formations, 22 themes, and 12 theme clusters were extracted. Additionally, five major categories emerged. These categories were 1) marriage as an opportunity for self-growth, 2) the mirror of life: parents, 3) oneself who cannot give up, 4) a desire to live a stable life, and 5) ambivalence on the culture of two countries. Conclusion: To improve the positive meaning of marriage and childbirth, a positive role model such as a happy married life of parents at home must be ensured. Finally, institutional strategies should be established to support the balance between home and work, as well as various policies which support women's pregnancy and childbirth.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 2018년도 서울여자간호대학교 해외연수지원으로 연구되었음.

References

  1. Korean Statistical Information Service. 2019 Population trend survey [Internet]. Seoul: Statistics Korea; 2020 [Cited 2020 November 5]. Available from: https://kosis.kr/statisticsList/statisticsListIndex.do?menuId=M_01_01&vwcd=MT_ZTITLE&parmTabId=M_01_01
  2. Lee SS. The 2015 national survey on fertility and family health and welfare. Research Report. Sejong: Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs, 2015 December. Report No. : 2015-31.
  3. Shin YJ. Long-term trends of cohort total fertility rates in Korea. Health and Social Welfare Review. 2020;40(3): 534-562. http://dx.doi.org/10.15709/hswr.2020.40.3.534
  4. Yim GG. Personalization trends and educational problems in the low fertility age: focused on Ulrich Beck's personalization perspective. Theory and Practice of Education. 2019;24(1): 7-57. http://doi.org/10.26894/kdge.2019.24.1.37
  5. Bae E. Are Women responsible for the low fertility?: for the feminist appropriation of the discourses on low fertility. Gender and Culture. 2010;3(2):37-75.
  6. Do MH. The effect of college students' awareness on marriage and childbirth to future marriage and childbirth. Korean Journal of Family Welfare. 2011;16(4):163-178.
  7. Lee SK. The meaning of marriage, giving birth, and parenting in collage of women. Archives of Seoul Nursing Research. 2019;32:109-121.
  8. Shin SS. A low birth rate budget of 40 trillion won, but a couple in their 30s "paid parental leave without money". Korea ChoogAng Daily. 2020 November 25. Sect. 14. Available from: https://news.joins.com/article/23929343
  9. Kim SJ. A critical study on the population policy of Korea in the low fertility and aging society. Journal of the Korean Urban Geographical Society. 2019;22(2):143-158. http://dx.doi.org/10.21189/JKUGS.22.2.11
  10. Chung S. A critical review on paradigm shift in policy responses to low fertility. Journal of Public Society. 2018;8(2):36-64. http://doi.org/10.21286/jps.2018.05.8.2.36
  11. Park C. Female college student's type of subjective perception on marriage, childbirth, child care. Journal of Critical Social Welfare. 2018;59:265-295. http://doi.org/10.47042/ACSW.2018.05.59.265
  12. Chung SH. Policy responses to low fertility and its problems. Korea Journal of Population Studies. 2015;38(2):113-134.
  13. Shin KA. Issues and dilemmas of population policy in Korea: gender policy without gender perspective. Issues in Feminism. 2010;10(1):89-122.
  14. Berry JW. Immigration, acculturation, and adaptation. Applied Psychology. 1997;46(1);5-34. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.1997.tb01087.x
  15. Lee SS, Choi HJ. Population dynamics and policy response in U.S. Health and Welfare Forum. 2013;3(197):93-104.
  16. Korean Statistical Information Service. Total fertility rate of OECD countries [Internet]. Seoul: Statistics Korea; 2020 [Cited 2020 October 6]. Available from: https://kosis.kr/statHtml/statHtml.do?orgId=101&tblId=DT_2KAA207_OECD.
  17. Kim BH, Kim KJ, Park IS, Lee KJ, Kim JK, Hong JJ, et al. A comparison of phenomenological research methodology-focused on Giorgi, Colaizzi, Van Kaam methods-. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing. 1999;29(6):1208-1220. https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.1999.29.6.1208
  18. Colaizzi PF. Psychological research as the phenomenologist views it. In: Valle RS, Kings M, editors. Existential-phenomenological alternative for psychology. New York: Oxford University Press; 1978. p. 48-71.
  19. Guba EG, Lincoln YS. Effective evaluation: improving the usefulness of evaluation results through responsive and naturalistic approaches. SanFrancisco: Jossey-Bass; 1992. p.22-98.
  20. Choi SY, Chang JK. Influence of parenting style as perceived by adult child on perspective of marriage: the mediation effect of recognize gender roles. Family and Environment Research. 2016;54:181-95. http://doi.org/10.6115/fer.2016.015
  21. Kim JY, Kim YC. A study on the effect of marriage values and willingness to give birth of female university students. Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology. 2019;9(12):1025-1039. http://dx.doi.org/10.35873/ajmahs.2019.9.12.090
  22. Kim YL. A study on the marriage value and its' associated variables for the single males and females based on the family ecological theory [doctoral dissertation]. Seoul: Chungang University; 2009. 159 p.
  23. Won AR, Park JY. Impact of family strengths, quality of dating relationship, and views on marriage on unmarried couples' marriage intention. Family and Family Therapy. 2016;24(1):145-166. http://doi.org/10.21479/kaft.2016.24.1.145
  24. Lee SD, Hong GO. A survey on collegians' attitude on marriage and fertility in Gyeongju. The Journal of Gyeongju Research. 2010;19(2):135-161.
  25. Chung MJ, Lee JW. The effects of family of origin variables on marital conflict. Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association. 2003;41(3):147-164.
  26. Park J, Shin N, Kim Y, Kang S, Kim S, Ahn W. Influence of recognition on low fertility and views of marriage on childbirth will in university students. Journal of the Korean Society of Maternal and Child Health. 2019;23(4):261-268. http://doi.org/10.21896/jksmch.2019.23.4.261
  27. Yi MS. Resolved factors to low fertility in France. Journal of the Korea Contents Association. 2016;16(1):558-567. http://dx.doi.org/10.5392/JKCA.2016.16.01.558
  28. Kim MJ. Gender implication of French family policy for increasing fertility rate. The Journal of Contemporary European Studies. 2018;36(1):117-150.
  29. Ahn M. A note on the relationship between fertility and female employment rates in developed countries. Journal of Population Economics. 2002;15(4):667-682. http://doi.org/10.1007/s001480100078
  30. Ahn KH, Kim HY, Cho GJ, Hong SC, Oh MJ, Kim HJ. Governmental policies for overcoming low birth rate by country. Journal of the Korean Society of Maternal and Child Health. 2018;22(3):131-133. https://doi.org/10.21896/jksmch.2018.22.3.131