Clean Technology (청정기술)

The Korean Society of Clean Technology (한국청정기술학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Estimation of Characteristics and Methane Production Rate of Food Waste

음식물류 폐기물 특성 및 메탄 발생가능량 평가

  • Lee, Min-Kyu (Department of Earth & Environmental Engineering, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Kim, Kyung (Department of Environmental Engineering, Anyang University) ;
  • Shin, Hyun-Gon (Department of Energy & Environmental Engineering, Shinhan University) ;
  • Bae, Ki-Hwan (Department of Plant Engineering, Dohwa Engineering Company, LTD.) ;
  • Kim, Choong-Gon (Bio Resource Center, Institute for Advanced Engineering) ;
  • Park, Joon-Seok (Department of Earth & Environmental Engineering, Kangwon National University)
  • 이민규 (강원대학교 지구환경시스템공학과) ;
  • 김경 (안양대학교 환경에너지공학과) ;
  • 신현곤 (신한대학교 에너지환경공학과) ;
  • 배기환 ((주)도화엔지니어링 플랜트설계1팀) ;
  • 김충곤 (고등기술연구원) ;
  • 박준석 (강원대학교 지구환경시스템공학과)
  • Received : 2019.08.12
  • Accepted : 2019.08.26
  • Published : 2019.09.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This research was performed to evaluate the characteristics of food waste from 5 areas in Gangwon Province, Korea and to predict the $CH_4$ gas production rate. Food wastes were sampled in July and September, 2017. The amount of methane gas generation was evaluated through the biochemical methane potential (BMP) test and a calculation method using chemical composition. Average bulk density and pH of the food wastes were in the range of $0.758{\sim}0.850g\;cm^{-3}$ and 4.29 ~ 4.75, respectively. By physical composition, vegetables were the highest with 56.43 ~ 72.81% with fruits recording 5.31 ~ 8.95%, cereals 1.60 ~ 18.73%, fish and meat 4.47 ~ 12.11%, and filtrate 1.76 ~ 3.64%. The average water content was 69.30 ~ 75.87%, and VS and ash content were 22.50 ~ 27.98% and 1.63 ~ 2.48%, respectively. In addition, $BOD_5$, $COD_{Cr}$, and $COD_{Mn}$ were in the ranges of $17,690.3{\sim}33,154.9mg\;L^{-1}$, $106,212.3{\sim}128,695.5mg\;L^{-1}$, and $51,266.1{\sim}63,426.3mg\;L^{-1}$, respectively. The NaCl content ranged from 0.81 to 1.17%. The results of elemental analysis showed that the contents of C, H, O, N, and S were 44.87 ~ 48.1%, 7.12 ~ 7.57%, 40.13 ~ 43.78%, 3.22 ~ 4.14%, and 0.00 ~ 0.02%, respectively. In a comparison of the methane production yield per VS mass of food waste, there was no significant difference between the cumulative amount (${0.303{\sim}0.354m_{CH4}}^3\;{kg_{VS}}^{-1}$) by the BMP test and the theoretical amount (${0.294{\sim}0.352m_{CH4}}^3\;{kg_{VS}}^{-1}$) calculated by chemical composition.

본 연구에서는 강원도 5개 지자체에서 발생된 음식물류 폐기물의 특성을 분석하고 메탄가스 발생량을 평가하였다. 시료는 2017년 7월과 9월에 걸쳐 총 2회 채취하였다. 메탄가스 발생가능량을 평가하기 위하여 BMP (biochemical Methane potential) 시험과 원소조성을 이용한 계산방법을 이용하였다. 음식물류 폐기물의 겉보기밀도는 평균 $0.758{\sim}0.850g\;cm^{-3}$, pH는 4.29 ~ 4.75이었다. 물리적 조성 중 주성분은 채소류가 56.43 ~ 72.81%로 가장 높았고, 과일류는 5.31 ~ 8.95%, 곡물류는 1.60 ~ 18.73%, 어육류는 4.47 ~ 12.11%, 여액은 1.76 ~ 3.64%이었다. 평균 수분함량은 69.30 ~ 75.87%, 가연분함량은 22.50 ~ 27.98%, 회분함량은 1.63 ~ 2.48%를 나타내었다. 또한 $BOD_5$는 $17,690.3{\sim}33,154.9mg\;L^{-1}$, $COD_{Cr}$은 $106,212.3{\sim}128,695.5mg\;L^{-1}$, 그리고 $COD_{Mn}$은 $51,266.1{\sim}63,426.3mg\;L^{-1}$의 범위를 보였고 NaCl 함량은 0.81 ~ 1.17%의 범위를 나타내었다. 원소분석 결과 C, H, O, N, S 함량은 각각 44.87 ~ 48.16%, 7.12 ~ 7.57%, 40.13 ~ 43.78%, 3.22 ~ 4.14%, 그리고 0.00 ~ 0.02%를 나타내었다. 음식물류 폐기물의 VS 단위질량당 메탄수율을 살펴보면 BMP 시험에 의한 메탄가스 발생누적량(${0.303{\sim}0.354m_{CH4}}^3\;{kg_{VS}}^{-1}$)은 원소조성과 생분해율을 반영하여 예측한 결과(${0.294{\sim}0.352m_{CH4}}^3\;{kg_{VS}}^{-1}$)와 큰 차이가 없었다.

Keywords

References

  1. Kang, B. M., Hwang, H. U., Kim, J. H., Yang, Y. W., and Kim, Y. J., "Study on Reytilization with Aerobic Microbes of Organic Food Waste Leachates," J. Kor. Soc. Environ. Eng., 33(1), 54-59 (2011). https://doi.org/10.4491/KSEE.2011.33.1.054
  2. Lee, S.-A., "The Study on Improving Methods for Food Waste Recycling Policy," Ph.D Dissertation, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul (2005).
  3. Ahn, S.-S., "Study on the Support Policy for the Efficient Recycling System of Food Wastes," Ph. D. Dissertation, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon (2005).
  4. Ryu, S.-H., "Policy Direction about Food Garbage Reutilization Technology Process," Master's Dissertation, Dongshin University, Naju (2007).
  5. Kim, J.-H., Park, J.-S., and Phae, C.-G., "Evaluation of Performance Index for Optimization of Food Waste Treatment and Recovery Facility," Clean Technol., 22(3), 181-189 (2016). https://doi.org/10.7464/ksct.2016.22.3.181
  6. Daegu-Gyeongbuk Development Institute, Feasibility Study for Installation of Food Waste Treatment Facility, Report (2007).
  7. Ministry of Environment.Korea Environment Corporation, Generation and Treatment Status of Municipal Solid Waste in Nationwide, Annual Report (2013, 2017).
  8. Oh, J., and Lee, H., "An Exploration on Food Waste Management of Local Governments," J. Kor. Soc. Environ. Eng., 38(3), 101-109 (2016). https://doi.org/10.4491/KSEE.2016.38.3.101
  9. Kim, N. C., Kim, Y. T., Lee, H. J., Kim, M. A., Moon, Y. C., and Paik, S., "A Study on the Characteristic Analysis of Composting of Food Waste Added with Wood Biomass Generated in City," J. Korean Soc. Environ. Analysis, 17(4), 215-222 (2014).
  10. Seo, J. Y., "Vermicomposting of Sludge from Milk Processing Industry (MPS)," J. Kor. Soc. Environ. Eng., 34(7), 488-494 (2012). https://doi.org/10.4491/KSEE.2012.34.7.488
  11. https://news.v.daum.net/v/20190725000002482, Can't feed leftovers to livestock from today (news input date : July 25, 2019).
  12. http://library.me.go.kr/, 2018 White Paper of Environment (assessed date : July 5, 2019).
  13. Ministry of Environment, Korean Analytical Method for Solid Waste (2016).
  14. Ministry of Environment, Korean Analytical Method for Wastewater (2014).
  15. Lee, N.-H., Park, J.-K., Jeong, S.-R., Kang, J.-H., and Kim, K., "Statistical Evaluation of Sigmoidal and First-Order Kinetic Equations for Simulating Methane Production from Solid Wastes," J. Korea Org. Resour. Recycl. Assoc., 21(2), 90-98 (2013).
  16. Chungbuk National University, Basic design service for installation of organic waste biogas plant in Chungju city.
  17. Park, J.-K., Kang, J.-H., Kim, E.-C., Kim, K., Yoon, S.-P., and Lee, N.-H., "Estimation of Methane Production Rates of Municipal Solid Wastes," J. Korea Soc. Waste Manag., 30(1), 52-59 (2013). https://doi.org/10.9786/kswm.2013.30.1.52
  18. Ministry of Environment.National Institute of Environmental Research, Technical Guidelines for Food Waste Biogasification Facilities, Report (2015).