Particle and aerosol research (한국입자에어로졸학회지)

Korean Association for Particle and Aerosol Research (한국입자에어로졸학회)
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Field tests of indoor air cleaners for removal of PM2.5 and PM10 in elementary school's classrooms in Seoul, Korea

서울 초등학교 교실의 PM2.5 및 PM10 제거를 위한 학교용 공기청정기 실증

  • Han, Bangwoo (Department of Environmental Machinery, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials) ;
  • Hong, Keejung (Department of Environmental Machinery, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials) ;
  • Shin, Dongho (Department of Environmental Machinery, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials) ;
  • Kim, Hakjoon (Department of Environmental Machinery, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials) ;
  • Kim, Yongjin (Department of Environmental Machinery, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials) ;
  • Kim, Sangbok (Department of Environmental Machinery, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials) ;
  • Kim, Sangwoo (Air Lab) ;
  • Hwang, Cheongha (Air Lab) ;
  • Noh, Kwangchul (Air Lab)
  • Received : 2019.06.25
  • Accepted : 2019.06.28
  • Published : 2019.06.30
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Abstract

It is important to control fine particles in children care centers, elementary schools, elderly care facilities and so on where vulnerable children and the aged stay during most of their time. This study has investigated $PM_{2.5}$ and $PM_{10}$ concentrations in two classrooms equipped with an air cleaner and two air cleaners, respectively and they were compared to those in a classroom without an air cleaner as well as those outdoors. Eight air cleaners which have various clean air delivery rates (CADRs) between 9.9 and $21.3m^3/min$ were tested in classrooms in two elementary schools in Seoul. Average $PM_{2.5}$ and $PM_{10}$ were $7.3{\pm}0.7$ and $45.5{\pm}4.1{\mu}g/m^3$ in classrooms equipped with an air cleaner and $4.2{\pm}0.6$ and $24.6{\pm}2.5{\mu}g/m^3$ in classrooms with two air cleaners, whereas they were $22.1{\pm}2.6$ and $109.1{\pm}9.6{\mu}g/m^3$ in classrooms without an air cleaner and $36.9{\pm}5.1$ and $74.1{\pm}10.6{\mu}g/m^3$ outdoors, respectively. $PM_{2.5}$ in classrooms could be reduced effectively by using an air cleaner or two air cleaners, because $PM_{2.5}$ was mainly infiltrated from outdoors, however $PM_{10}$ could not because $PM_{10}$ was mainly caused indoors by students' activities. Air cleaners were more effective for removal of $PM_{2.5}$ and $PM_{10}$ in classrooms with a high airtightness than those in classrooms with a relatively low one. Average $CO_2$ in classrooms was about 1500 to 2000 ppm for class hours dependent on the student number per a classroom, which was about 1.5 to 2 times higher than the standard, regardless of the use of air cleaner.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. The location of the air cleaner and measurement instruments in the classrooms (a) without an air cleaner, (b) with an air cleaner and (c) with two air cleaners.

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Fig. 5. Average (a) PM2.5 and (b) PM10 in classrooms with 1 or 2 air cleaners at different outdoor PM2.5 and PM10 for five air cleaners with CADRs between 13.5 and 14.4 m3/min.

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Fig. 7. CO2 concentrations in classrooms without an air cleaner, with an air cleaner and two air cleaners (Model F).

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Fig. 8. Average CO2 concentrations in classrooms of 2nd grade students without an air cleaner, with an air cleaner and two air cleaners in the (a) S school and (b) W school.

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Fig. 2. (a) PM2.5 and PM10 changes in a classroom of S elementary school and (b) the size distributions of particles in the empty and occupied classroom in class and lunch time.

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Fig. 3. (a) PM2.5 and (b) PM10 changes with time in classrooms without an air cleaner, with an air cleaner and two air cleaners (F model).

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Fig. 6. (a) PM2.5 and (b) PM10 in/out concentration ratio for classrooms without air cleaner, with one air cleaner and two air cleaners.

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Fig. 4. (a) Average PM2.5 and (b) PM10 in classrooms without an air cleaner, with an air cleaner and two air cleaners for eight air cleaners.

Table 1. Specification of the tested air cleaners.

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Table 2. Experimental data and weather information based on the average of class hours.

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