Journal of the Korean Society of Safety (한국안전학회지)

The Korean Society of Safety (한국안전학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Management and Ease of Comprehension for Safety and Health Signs

안전보건표지의 관리 실태와 이해 용이성

  • Kim, Kyungwoo (Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute) ;
  • Min, Sungki (Department of Psychology, Yeungnam University) ;
  • Lim, Hochan (Department of Psychological Rehabilitation, Korea Nazarene University) ;
  • Cho, Yoonho (Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute)
  • Received : 2019.03.13
  • Accepted : 2019.06.17
  • Published : 2019.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The safety and health signs as an important communication tool can help employees recognize the harm and risk information and take proper actions easily and fast. This study investigated the management of safety and health signs in 75 workplaces and also conducted a survey for the level of subjective comprehension of safety and health signs with 150 employees in Korea. In total, 69 safety and health signs containing alternative signs by KS S ISO 7010 were used for the survey for the ease of comprehension. At the results, the frequency of education on the signs was relatively high, but it was difficult to systematically manage those in the small-sized workplaces. In addition, the results of the ease of comprehension survey showed that proportion of alternative signs was high in the upper rank, and also several alternative signs showed significantly high mean compared with safety and health signs. And the means of alternative signs tended to have higher at the categories of prohibition, instruction, and guidance. Although there are some methodological limitations, it is important that the recent management and the level of comprehension for safety and health signs were empirically identified.

Keywords

References

  1. Ministry of Labor, The Status of Industrial Accident in 2018, Ministry of Labor, 2018.
  2. K. Y. Rhee, "The Effect of the Occupational Safety and Health Activities on Perception of the Level of Occupational Safety and Health in Korean Manufacturing Enterprises", Korea Social Policy Review, Vol. 18, No. 4, pp. 79-111, 2011. https://doi.org/10.17000/kspr.18.4.201112.79
  3. A. Edwards and H. Bastian, "Risk Communication: Making Evidence Part of Patient Choice, in A. Edwards and G. Elwyn (des)(Evidence-based Patient Choice: Inevitable or Impossible?)", Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 144-60, 2001.
  4. E. Green, S. D. Short, R. Duarte-Davidson and L. S. Levy, "Public and Professional Perceptions of Environmental and Health Risk, in P. Bennett and K. Calman (eds) Risk Communication and Public Health", Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.
  5. K.R. Laughery, M. S. Wogalter, "A Three-stage Summarizes Product Warning and Environmental Sign Research", Safety Science, No. 61, pp. 3-10, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2011.02.012
  6. Y. H. Haam, "The Key to Make Everytings Look Better, Pictogram", Gilbut Publishing, 2013.
  7. T. C. Biggs and H. H. C. Marmurek, "Picture and Word Naming: Is Facilitation due to Processing Overlap?", American Journal of Psychology, Vol. 103, No. 1, pp. 81-100, 1990. https://doi.org/10.2307/1423260
  8. F. T. Durso and M. Johnson, "Facilitation in Naming and Categorizing Repeated Pictures and Words", Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, Vol. 5, pp. 449-459, 1979. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.5.5.449
  9. A. Paivio, "Perceptual Comparisons through the Mind's Eye", Memory and Cognition Vol. 3, pp. 635-648, 1975. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03198229
  10. A. Paivio, "Images, Propositions and Knowledge. In J. M. Nicholas (Ed.). Images, Perception and Knowledge", Dordrecht, Holland: Reidel, 1977.
  11. D. Starch, "How does the Shape of Ads Affect Readerships?", Medial/Scope, Vol. 10, pp. 83-85, 1966.
  12. R. N. Shepard, "Recognition Memory for Words, Sentences and Pictures", Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, Vol. 6, pp. 156-163, 1967. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(67)80067-7
  13. M. C. Smith and L. E. Magee, "Tracing the Time Course of Picture-word Processing", Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, Vol. 109, No. 4, pp. 373-392, 1980. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.109.4.373
  14. J. Te Linde, "Picture-word Differences in Decision Latency: A Test of Common-coding Assumption", Journal of Experimental Psychology, Vol. 8, No.6, pp. 584-598, 1982. https://doi.org/10.1037//0278-7393.8.6.584
  15. S. Y. Park, "Study on the Recognition and Preference of Olympic Pictogram Design", Journal of Digital Design, Vol. 14, No. 4, pp. 687-696, 2014. https://doi.org/10.17280/jdd.2014.14.3.068
  16. S. McDougall, O. de Bruijn and M. B. Curry, "Exploring the Effects of Icon Characteristics on User Performance: The Role of Icon Concreteness, Complexity and Distinctiveness", Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, Vol. 6, No. 4, pp. 291-306, 2001. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-898X.6.4.291
  17. KOSHA, "Development of Industrial Safety Signs Coincided with Industrial Fields", OSHRI, 2004.
  18. D. H. Kim, H. K. Lim, "The Evaluation of Safety Signs for Effective Delivery of Risk Image(효율적 위험 이미지 전달을 위한 안전표지의 평가)", The Korean Society of Safety Autumn Conference Material, pp. 347-352, 1998.
  19. J. H. Park, H. S. Yoo, and T. Smith-Jackson, "Evaluation of the Alternative Safety Signs for the Hazard of Nano Materials", J. Korean Soc. Saf., Vol. 25, No. 1, pp. 79-86, 2010.
  20. F. Caffaro, and E. Cavallo, "Comprehension of Safety pictograms affixed to agricultural machinery: A survey of users", Journal of Safety Research, Vol. 55, pp. 151-158, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2015.08.008
  21. H. A. Rother, "South African Farm Workers' Interpretation of Risk Assessment Data Expressed as Pictograms on Pesticide Labels", Environmental Research, Vol. 108, No. 3, pp. 419-427, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2008.07.005
  22. Y. L. Hsu, "A Study on the Comprehensibility of Airline Safety Card Pictorials and Pictograms", Journal of Aeronautics, Astronautics and Aviation, Series A, Vol. 42, No. 1, pp. 31-37, 2010.
  23. C. M. Tam, Ivan W. H. Fung, Thomas C. L. Yeung and Karen C. F. Tung, "Relationship between Construction Safety Signs and Symbols Recognition and Characteristics of Construction Personnel" Construction Management and Economics, Vol. 21, No. 7, pp. 745-753, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1080/0144619032000056171
  24. J. S. Lee, S. C. Lee and T. K. Cho, "A Human Factorial Consideration on Information Conveyance of Traffic Road Sign: Response Patterns to Form, Interval and Thickness Variations of Hangul", The Korean Journal of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 55-71, 1990.
  25. J. S. Oh and S. C. Lee. "The Effects of Road Signs' Amount of Legend on Drivers' Reaction Time and Error", Korean Psychological Association Conference Material, pp. 516-517, 2007.
  26. W. K. Park and J. W. Song, "A Study on the Traffic Safety Mark Pictograms in Order to Enhance Visibility through Psychological & Semiotic", Journal of Integrated Design Research, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 45-52, 2008.
  27. J. G. Jeong, M. S. Bang, H. S. Kang and H. I Jeong, "A Study on the Improvement of the Railway Safety Sign for Enhancing Visibility and Legibility", J. Korean Soc. Saf., Vol. 31, No. 5, pp. 171-176, 2016. https://doi.org/10.14346/JKOSOS.2016.31.5.171
  28. KOSHA, "Technical Guide for Safety and Health Signs (KOSHA GUIDE G-36-2012)", KOSHA, 2012.
  29. Ministry of Labor, The Status of Industrial Accident in 2016, Ministry of Labor, 2016.
  30. Y. C. Liu, and C. H. Ho, "The Effects of Age on Symbol Comprehension in Central Rail Hubs in Taiwan", Applied Ergonomics, Vol. 43, No. 6, pp. 1016-1025, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2012.02.004
  31. S. McDougall and S. Isherwood, "What's in a Name? The Role of Graphics, Functions and Their Interrelationships in Icon Identification", Behavior Research Methods, Vol. 41, pp. 325-336, 2009. https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.41.2.325
  32. R. B. Stammer, and J. Hoffman, "Transfer between Icon Sets and Ratings of Icon Concreteness and Appropriateness", In Proceedings of the Human Factor Society Thirty-Fifth Annual Meeting, Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors Society, pp. 354-358, 1991.
  33. S, J, Park, S. C. Lee, S. Y. Lee, J. S. Oh and K. S. Noh, "The Effects of Amount of Information in Road Sign and Distracted Driving Behavior on Drivers' Activity of Detecting", The Korean Journal of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Vol. 21, No. 2, pp. 225-241, 2008. https://doi.org/10.24230/ksiop.21.2.200805.225