한국물환경학회지 (Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment)

  • 제35권4호
  • /
  • Pages.308-315
  • /
  • 2019
  • /
  • 2289-0971(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2289-098X(eISSN)
한국물환경학회 (Korean Society on Water Environment)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

산지계류의 계절적 수온변동 특성 및 영향인자 분석

Seasonal Variations of Stream Water Temperature and its Affecting Factors on Mountain Areas

  • 남수연 (국립산림과학원 산림보전연구부 산림 육성.복원연구과) ;
  • 최형태 (국립산림과학원 산림보전연구부 산림 육성.복원연구과) ;
  • 임홍근 (국립산림과학원 산림보전연구부 산림 육성.복원연구과)
  • Nam, Sooyoun (Forest Conservation Department, National Institute of Forest Science) ;
  • Choi, Hyung Tae (Forest Conservation Department, National Institute of Forest Science) ;
  • Lim, Honggeun (Forest Conservation Department, National Institute of Forest Science)
  • 투고 : 2019.04.30
  • 심사 : 2019.07.10
  • 발행 : 2019.07.30
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

The objective of this study was to investigate mountain stream water and air temperatures, area, latitude, altitude, and forest coverage in headwater catchments located in Kangwon-do, Mid-eastern Korea from 2015 to 2017. Daily mean value of mountain stream water temperature was approximately $6^{\circ}C$ lower than the daily mean value of air temperature on the monitoring sites during the observation period. Monthly mean value of mountain stream water temperature increased with increasing monthly mean value of air temperature from May to August during the observation period. Seasonal variations of mountain stream water temperature were dependent on air temperature rising and falling periods. Correlation analysis was conducted on mountain stream water temperature to investigate its relationship with air temperature, area, latitude, altitude, and forest coverage of air temperature rising and falling periods. The correlation analysis showed that there exists a relationship (Correlation coefficient: -0.581 ~ 0.825; p<0.05), particularly the air temperature showed highest correlation with mountain stream water temperature. Regression equations could be developed due to contribution of air temperature to affect mountain stream water temperature (Correlation coefficient: 0.742 and 0.825; p<0.01). Therefore, a method using various parameters based on air temperature rising and falling periods, could be recommended for predicting mountain stream water temperature.

키워드

SJBJB8_2019_v35n4_308_f0001.png 이미지

Fig. 1. Locations of the mountain stream water temperature monitoring sites.

SJBJB8_2019_v35n4_308_f0003.png 이미지

Fig. 2. Box plots of monthly distributions of daily mean air and mountain stream water temperatures of the monitoring sites during observed period. The upper and lower hinges correspond to the first and third quartiles(the 25th and 75th percentiles), respectively. The whiskers extend from the hinges to the highest and lowest values that are within 1.5 (the inter-quartile range). Values beyond the end of the whiskers are outliers and plotted as points. Dashed line represents mean value of total daily mean air and mountain stream water temperatures of the monitoring sites during observed period.

SJBJB8_2019_v35n4_308_f0004.png 이미지

Fig. 3. Daily mean temperature between air and mountain stream water separated to air temperature (a) rising and (b) falling periods.

SJBJB8_2019_v35n4_308_f0005.png 이미지

Fig. 4. Observed and predicted values of daily mean mountain stream water temperature for evaluating the regression equation located in Jinjeop-Eup, Namyangju-Si.

SJBJB8_2019_v35n4_308_f0006.png 이미지

Fig. 5. Distributions of observed and predicted values for monthly mean mountain stream water temperature. Thick and broken lines indicated observed and predicted values, respectively.

Table 1. Mountain stream water temperature on the monitoring sites

SJBJB8_2019_v35n4_308_t0001.png 이미지

Table 2. Daily mean mountain stream water and air temperatures of the monitoring sites during observed period

SJBJB8_2019_v35n4_308_t0002.png 이미지

Table 3. Correlation analysis between mountain stream water temperature and various parameters of air temperature rising and falling periods.

SJBJB8_2019_v35n4_308_t0003.png 이미지

Table 4. Regression equation to predict daily mean mountain stream water temperature using parameters of air temperature rising and falling periods.

SJBJB8_2019_v35n4_308_t0004.png 이미지

참고문헌

  1. An, J. H. and Lee, K. H. (2013). Correlation and hysteresis analysis of air-water temperature in four rivers; Preliminary study for water temperature prediction, Journal of Environmental Policy, 12(2), 17-32. [Korean Literature] https://doi.org/10.17330/joep.12.2.201306.17
  2. Anh, P. T. Q., Gomi, T., MacDonlad, L. H., Mizugaki, S., Khoa, P. V., and Furuichi, T. (2014). Linkage among land use, macronutrient levels, and soil erosion in northern Vietnam:A plot-scale study, Geoderma, 232-234, 352-362. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2014.05.011
  3. Becker, M. W., Georgian, T., Ambrose, H., Siniscalchi, K., and Fredrick, K. (2004). Estimating flow and flux of ground water discharge using water, Journal of Hydrology, 296, 221-233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2004.03.025
  4. Bouck, G. R., Chapman, G. A., Schneider, P. W., and Stevens, D. G. (1975). Effects of holding temperatures on reproductive development in adult sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus Nerka), In 26 th Annual Northwest Fish Culture Conference.
  5. Cho, H. Y., Lee, K. H., Cho, K. J., and Kim, J. S. (2007). Correlation and hysteresis analysis between air and water temperatures in the Coastal Zone-Masan Bay, Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineering, 19(3), 213-221. [Korean Literature]
  6. Crisp, D. T. and Howson, G. (1982). Effect of air temperature upon mean water temperature in streams in the north Pennies and English Lake District, Freshwater Biology, 12(4), 359-367. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.1982.tb00629.x
  7. Eaton, J. G. and Scheller, R. M. (1996). Effects of climate warming on fish thermal habitat in streams of the United States, Limnology and Oceanography, 41(5), 1109-1115. https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1996.41.5.1109
  8. Gomi, T., Sidle, R. C., and Richardson, J. S. (2002). Understanding processes and downstream linkages of headwater systems, Bioscience, 52(10), 905-916. https://doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2002)052[0905:UPADLO]2.0.CO;2
  9. Guenther, S. M., Gomi, T., and Moore, R. D. (2014). Stream and bed temperature variability in a coastal headwater catchment: influences of surface-subsurface interactions and partial-retention forest harvesting, Hydrological Processes, 28, 1238-1249. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.9673
  10. Huang, M., Liang, X., and Leung, L. R. (2008). A generalized subsurface flow parameterization considering subgrid spatial variability of recharge and topography, Journal of Hydrometeorology, 9, 1151-1171. https://doi.org/10.1175/2008JHM936.1
  11. Jacobsen, D., Schultz, R., and Encalada, A. (1997). Structure and diversity of stream invertebrate assemblages: the influence of temperature with altitude and latitude, Freshwater Biology, 38, 247-261. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2427.1997.00210.x
  12. Jun, J. H., Kim, K. H., Yoo, J. Y., Choi, H. T., and Jeong, Y. H. (2007). Variation of suspended solid concentration, electrical conductivity and pH of stream water in regrowth and rehabilitation forested catchments, South Korea, Journal of Korean Forest Society, 96, 21-28. [Korean Literature]
  13. Kim, S. W., Chun, K. W., Park, C. M., Nam, S. Y., Lim, Y. H., and Kim, Y. S. (2011). The morphologic characteristics of step-pool structures in a steep mountain stream, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Journal of Korea Society of Forest Science, 100(2), 202-211. [Korean Literature]
  14. Lane, R., J., Day, W., Marx, B., Reyes, E., Hyfield, E., and Day, J. N. (2007). The effects of riverine discharge on temperature, suspended sediments, and chlorophyll a in a Misssissippi delta estuary measured using a flow-thorough system, Estuarine and Coastal Shelf Science, 74, 145-154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2007.04.008
  15. Lee, K. H. (2014). Building a nonlinear relationship between air and water temperature for climate-induced future water temperature prediction, Journal of Environmental Policy, 13(2), 21-37. [Korean Literature]
  16. Lee, S. Y., Kim, D. W., and Choi, Y. W. (2014). Development of predictive models for the number of potholes using multi regression analysis, Journal of Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, 14, 1-8. [Korean Literature]
  17. Mattews, K. R. and Berg, N. H. (1997). Rainbow trout responses to water temperature and dissolved oxygen stress in two southern California stream pools, Journal of Fish Biology, 50, 50-67. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1997.tb01339.x
  18. Meyer, J. L., Strayer, D. L., Wallace, J. B., Eggert, S. L., Helfman, G. S., and Leonard, N. E. (2007). The contribution of headwater streams to biodiversity in river networks, Journal of the American Water Resources Association, 43(1), 86-103. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00008.x
  19. Meyer, J. L. and Wallace, J. B. (2001). Lost linkages and lotic ecology : Rediscovering small streams In Huntly, M. C., and Levin N. J. eds., Ecology : Achievement and Challenge, Oxford : Blackwell Scientific, 295-317.
  20. Moore, R. D. (2006). Stream temperature patterns in British Columbia, Canada, based on routine spot measurements, Canadian Water Resources Journal, 31(1), 41-56. https://doi.org/10.4296/cwrj3101041
  21. Moore, R. D., Spittlehouse, D. L., and Story, A. (2005). Riparian microclimate and stream temperature response to forest harvesting: a review, Journal of the American Water Resources Association, 41, 813-834. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2005.tb04465.x
  22. Park, J. S., Kim, K. R., Cho, C. B., Kang, M. S., and Kim, B. J. (2016). Spatio-temporal characteristics of air and water temperature change in the middle reach of the Nakdong River, Journal of Environmental Policy and Administration, 9, 233-253. [Korean Literature]
  23. Part, J. C. and Lee, H. H. (2000). Variations of stream water quality caused by discharge change, Journal of Korean Forest Society, 89, 342-355. [Korean Literature]
  24. Piccolroaz, S., Toffolon, M., and Majone, B. (2013). A simple lumped model to convert air temperature into surface water temperature in lakes, Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 17, 3323-3338. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-3323-2013
  25. Saila, S., Cheeseman, M., and Poyer, D. (2004). Maximum stream temperature estimation from air temperature data and its relationship to brook trout(Salvelinus fontinalis) habitat requirements in rhode island, Wood Pawcatuck Watershed Association(WPWA):Hope Valley, RI, USA.
  26. Steel, E. A., Colin, S., and Peterson, E. E. (2016). Spatial and temporal variation of water temperature regimes on the Snoqualmie River network, Journal of the American Water Resources Association, 52(3), 769-787. https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.12423
  27. Stefan, H. G. and Preud'home, E. B. (1993). Stream temperature estimation from air temperature, Water Resources Research, 29(1), 27-45.
  28. Stefan, H. G. and Sinokrot, B. A. (1993). Projected global climate change impact on water temperatures in five north central US stream, Climate change, 24, 353-381. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01091855
  29. Subehi, L., Fukushima, T., Onda, Y., Mizugaki, S., Gomi, T., Kosugi, K., Hiramatsu, S., Kitahara, H., Kosugi, T., and Terajima, T. (2010). Analysis of stream water temperature changes during rainfall events in forested watersheds, Limnology, 11(2), 115-124. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10201-009-0296-2
  30. Subehi, L., Fukushima, T., Onda, Y., Mizugaki, S., Gomi, T., Terajima, T., Kosugi, K., Hiramatsu, S., Kitahara, H., Kuraji, K., and Ozaki, N. (2009). Influences of forested watershed conditions on fluctuations in stream water temperature with special reference to watershed area and forest type, Limnology, 10(1), 33-45. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10201-008-0258-0
  31. Webb, B. W. and Nobilis, F. (1997). Long term perspective on the nature of the air-water temperature relationship: A case study, Hydrological Processes, 11(2), 137-147. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1085(199702)11:2<137::AID-HYP405>3.0.CO;2-2
  32. Webb, B. W., Hannah, D. M., Moore, D., Brown, L. E., and Nobilis, F. (2008). Recent advances in stream and river temperature research, Hydrological Processes, 22(7), 902-918. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.6994
  33. Yoon, S. W., Chung, S. W., and Choi. J. K. (2008). Variation of inflow density currents with different flood magnitude in Daecheong Reservoir, Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, 41, 1219-1230. [Korean Literature] https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2008.41.12.1219