Fig 1. Schematic diagram of torrefaction reactor.
Fig 2. Moisture analysis of torrefied products a) cow manure, b) cow manure and sawdust mixture(9:1), c) cow manure and fallen leaves mixture(9:1), d) cow manure and sawdust mixture(8:2), e) cow manure and fallen leaves mixture(8:2).
Fig 3. High heating value(HHV) analysis of torrefied products a) cow manure, b) cow manure and sawdust mixture(9:1), c) cow manure and fallen leaves mixture(9:1), d) cow manure and sawdust mixture(8:2), e) cow manure and fallen leaves mixture(8:2).
Fig 4. FT-IR analysis of products a) Raw products, b) Torrefied products of torrefaction reaction in 260℃, 45min.
Table 1. Physical and chemical composition of livestock manure
Table 2. Physical and chemical composition of sawdust
Table 3. Physical and chemical composition of fallen leaves
Table 4. Cow manure product MCA analysis
Table 5. Cow manure and sawdust(9:1) mixture product MCA analysis
Table 6. Cow manure and sawdust(8:2) mixture product MCA analysis
Table 7. Cow manure and fallen leaves(9:1) mixture product MCA analysis
Table 8. Cow manure and fallen leaves(8:2) mixture product MCA analysis
Table 9. HHV and ultimate analysis of torrefied products from cow manure
Table 10. HHV and ultimate analysis of torrefied products from cow manure and sawdust mixture(9:1)
Table 11. HHV and ultimate analysis of torrefied products from cow manure and fallen leaves mixture(9:1)
Table 12. HHV and ultimate analysis of torrefied products from cow manure and sawdust mixture(8:2)
Table 13. HHV and ultimate analysis of torrefied products from cow manure and fallen leaves mixture(8:2)
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