KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE (한국작물학회지)

The Korean Society of Crop Science (한국작물학회)
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Nutritional Compositions of Varieties of Foxtail millet and Proso millet Developed in Korea

국내 육성 조와 기장 품종의 영양성분 특성

  • Choi, Ji-Myung (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University) ;
  • Kwak, Do-Yeon (Department of Southern Area Crop Science, NICS, RDA) ;
  • Choe, Myeong-Eun (Department of Southern Area Crop Science, NICS, RDA) ;
  • Song, Seuk-Bo (Department of Southern Area Crop Science, NICS, RDA) ;
  • Park, Chang-hwan (Department of Central Area Crop Science, NICS, RDA) ;
  • Ko, Jee-Yeon (Research Policy Bureau of Rural Development Administration)
  • 최지명 (부산대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 곽도연 (국립식량과학원 남부작물부) ;
  • 최명은 (국립식량과학원 남부작물부) ;
  • 송석보 (국립식량과학원 남부작물부) ;
  • 박장환 (국립식량과학원 중부작물부 수확후이용과) ;
  • 고지연 (농촌진흥청 연구정책국 연구운영과)
  • Received : 2019.04.11
  • Accepted : 2019.06.20
  • Published : 2019.06.30
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Abstract

Foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.) and proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) were not the major cereal crops in Korea. Although, they are attracting attention due to their nutritional excellence. This study focused on nutritional composition of Korean foxtail millet and proso millet varieties. The protein content of foxtail millet is lower than that of proso millet, and the fat content tends to be higher. Especially, Daname (foxtail millet) and Geumsilchal (proso millet) showed the highest protein content. Also, among these, Chohwangme (foxtail millet) and Manhongchal (proso millet) were the highest fat content, respectively. In the essential amino acids content results, these crops were rich in leucine, phenylalanine and valine. Also, lipids were composed of palmitic acid (C16:0), stearic acid (C18:0), oleic acid (C18:1), linoleic acid (C18:2), linolenic acid (C18:3), arachidic acid (C20:0), gadoleic acid (C20:1), and behenic acid (C22:0). Especially, linoleic acid content was the highest.

본 연구는 우리나라에서 육성된 조 8 품종과 기장 4 품종의 영양성분을 비교 분석한 결과이다. 조 품종의 탄수화물, 단백질, 지질 함량은 73.90~77.58%, 6.39~9.57%, 3.69~4.24% 범위로 나타났고, 기장은 73.40~75.61%, 9.74~12.06%, 2.83~3.40%로 나타나 조가 기장보다 단백질 함량은 낮고, 지방 함량은 높은 경향을 보였다. 조와 기장의 단백질 함량이 높은 품종은 단아메(조), 금실찰(기장)이고, 지방 함량이 높은 품종은 조황메(조), 만홍찰(기장)이었다. 전체 다량 무기질 함량은 조가 기장보다 높고, 측정 무기질 중 K 함량이 가장 높았다. 조 품종 중에서 경관 1호의 Ca, K 함량이 가장 높았고, 경관 2호는 Mg 함량이 높았다. 기장은 품종 간에 Ca 함량이 가장 뚜렷한 차이를 보였다. 필수 아미노산 함량은 조, 기장 모두 leucine, phenylalanine, valine이 가장 높았으며, 조가 기장 보다 단백질 함량이 낮은 반면에 전체적인 필수 아미노산의 함량이 높았다. 경관1호(조), 황실찰(기장)이 필수 아미노산 함량이 가장 높은 품종이었다. 조와 기장 모두 linoleic acid의 함량이 가장 높게 나타났다. 국내에서 육성된 조, 기장 품종에 대한 영양성분에 관련한 연구를 지속적으로 수행하여 신품종 육성 및 부가가치 향상을 위한 기초자료로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Saturated (SFA) and unsaturated fatty acids (USFA) in foxtail millet (A) and proso millet (B) varieties. Each values are presented as the mean ± S. D (n = 3). Statistical analyses (P＜0.05) were conducted using Duncan’s multiple range test.

Table 1. Proximate composition in foxtail millet and proso millet varieties.

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Table 2. Major mineral composition of foxtail millet and proso millet varieties.

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Table 3. Amino acid composition of foxtail millet and proso millet varieties.

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Table 4. Fatty acid composition of foxtail millet and proso millet varieties.

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