The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea (암석학회지)

The Petrological Society of Korea (한국암석학회)
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A study on the Mesozoic Magmatism in the Dangjin Area, Western Gyeonggi Massif, Korea

경기육괴 서부 당진지역의 중생대 화성활동에 대한 연구

  • Yi, Sang-Bong (Division of Polar Earth-System Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute) ;
  • Oh, Chang Whan (Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and the Earth and Environmental Research Center, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Choi, Seon-Gyu (Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Korea University) ;
  • Seo, Jieun (Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Korea University)
  • 이상봉 (한국해양과학기술원 부설 극지연구소) ;
  • 오창환 (전북대학교 지구환경과학과 및 지구환경시스템 연구소) ;
  • 최선규 (고려대학교 지구환경과학과) ;
  • 서지은 (고려대학교 지구환경과학과)
  • Received : 2019.03.28
  • Accepted : 2019.06.01
  • Published : 2019.06.30
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Abstract

Various Mesozoic igneous rocks such as biotite granite, leucogranites, granodiorite, hornblende gabbros, quartz gabbros and tonalite are identified in the Dangjin area, the western Gyeonggi Massif, Korea. The major Mesozoic igneous activities in the Dangjin area are recognized as periods of ca. 227 Ma, ca. 190 Ma, ca. 185 Ma and ca. 175 Ma. Gabbroic rocks consist mainly of hornblende gabbros and quartz gabbros which are characterized by dominant hornblende and occur as small stocks. The gabbroic rocks have intrusion ages between 185 and 175 Ma. Triassic biotite granite ($225{\pm}2.3Ma$) is considered to be a post-collisional granite similar in geochemistry to the southern Haemi granite ($233{\pm}2Ma$, Choi et al., 2009). Although the main magma source of biotite granite appears to be a granitic continental crust, the biotite granite could have a small amount of mafic rocks as a magma source, or a small amount of mantle-derived melts (i.e., mafic melts) could have contributed to the formation of primitive granite magma in composition. Jurassic granitoids and gabbroic rocks in the Dangjin area are considered to be continental arc igneous rocks associated with the subduction of the Paleo-Pacific plate. It is presumed that the leucogranites are formed by crustal anatexis of granitic materials and the gabbroic rocks are formed by partial melting of enriched mantle.

경기육괴 서부 당진지역에서는 흑운모 화강암, 우백질 화강암류, 화강섬록암, 각섬석 반려암, 석영 반려암, 토날라이트 등의 중생대 화성암이 확인된다. 당진지역의 중생대 주요 화성활동 시기는 ~227 Ma, ~190 Ma, ~185 Ma, ~175 Ma로 나타난다. 반려암류는 함수광물인 각섬석의 함량이 높게 나타나는 각섬석 반려암과 석영 반려암으로 주로 구성된다. 이들은 소규모 암주 상으로 연구지역 전역에서 관찰되고, 관입 시기는 185~175 Ma로 확인된다. 트라이아스기 흑운모 화강암($225{\pm}2.3Ma$)은 남부의 해미화강암($233{\pm}2Ma$, Choi et al., 2009)과 지화학적 성격이 유사한 충돌 후 화성암으로 판단된다. 흑운모 화강암의 주요 마그마 근원물질은 화강암질 대륙지각이지만, 이 암체가 소량의 고철질암을 마그마 근원물질로 갖거나 원시 마그마 형성 시소량의 맨틀 용융물(고철질 맬트)이 성분으로 기여했을 가능성이 있다. 쥐라기 화강암류와 반려암류는 고태평양판의 섭입과 관련되어 형성된 대륙호 화성암으로 판단된다. 우백질 화강암류는 화강암질 대륙지각의 용융에 의해, 반려암류는 부화된 맨틀의 부분용융에 의해 형성된 것으로 추론된다.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Geological map of the Dangjin area, western Gyeonggi Massif (modified from Lee et al., 1989; Shin et al.,1989; Choi et al., 2013, 2014) with U-Pb zircon ages (this study) and reference data and simple tectonic map of the Korean Peninsula and east China (modified from Oh and Kusky, 2007; Zhao et al., 2005). The geological map of Dangjin area has been modified based on the field survey. Abbreviations: NCC, North China Craton; JLJB, Jiao-Liao-Ji Belt; NM, Nangrim Massif; IB, Imjingang Belt; GM, Gyeonggi Massif; OMB, Okcheon Metamorphic Belt; TB, Taebacksan Basin; YM, Yeongnam Massif.

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Fig. 2. Outcrop photographs of Mesozoic intrusive rocks: (a) medium- to fine-grained biotite granite (SS0903), (b) medium-grained leucogranite (SS0801, Samung-ri), (c-f) magma mixing and mingling zone (Mt. Ibe) in which various intrusive rocks occur, (d) granodiorite hosting mafic microgranular enclaves (MMEs), (e) igneous banded structure developed in granodiorite, (f) hand specimen of granodiorite hosting MME, (g) quartz gabbro (SS085A) intruding Precambrian country rock (biotite gneiss, SS0803) and hornblende (hbl) gabbro including evolved gabbroic pegmatite. The age dating results of (c) and (h) are taken from Zhai et al. (2016).

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Fig. 3. Photomicrograph of Mesozoic intrusive rocks: (a) Triassic medium- to fine-grained biotite granite, (b) Jurassic medium-grained leucogranite (Samung-ri), (c) Jurassic porphyritic granodiorite hosting mafic microgranular enclave (MME), (d) Jurassic hornblende gabbro consisting mainly of plagioclase (Pl) and hornblende (Hbl), (e) Jurassic gabbroic pegmatite consisting of Pl, Hbl and quartz (Qtz) and (f) microcrystalline Jurassic MME hosting medium-grained Hbl and Pl. The photos (a, b and f) were taken under cross-polarized light, and the photos (c, d and e) were taken under plane-polarized light. Mineral abbreviations: biotite, Bt; orthoclase, Or; microcline, Mc; chlorite, chl; magnetite, Mt.

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Fig. 4. Representative cathodoluminescence (CL) images of zircons and the spots of the SHRIMP U-Pb analyses with 206Pb/238U ages (Ma) of the Mesozoic intrusive rocks. The small-sized numbers are the spot numbers in Table 1.

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Fig. 5. Zircon concordia diagrams with igneous ages (weighted mean of 238U/206Pb age and concordia age) of basement gneiss (biotite gneiss) and Mesozoic intrusive rocks: (a) biotite gneiss (SS0803), (b) biotite granite (SS0903), (c) leucogranite (SS0801, Samung-ri), (d) quartz gabbro (SS2808), (e) quartz gabbro (SS085A) and (f) hornblende gabbro (SS2702).

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Fig. 6. Geochemical classification of Triassic biotite granite on (a) the total alkali vs. silica (TAS) diagram (after Middlemost, 1994) with subdivision into alkaline and subalkaline series (after McDonald and Katsura, 1964; McDonald, 1968; Kuno, 1966; Irvine and Baragar, 1971) and (b) the K2O vs. SiO2 diagram (after Peccerillo and Taylor, 1976). (c) Chondrite-normalized rare earth element (REE) and (d) normal mid-ocean ridge basalt (NMORB)-normalized multi-element variation diagrams of Triassic biotite granite. Reference data of the Haemi granite are taken from Choi et al. (2009). The normalization values are taken from Sun and McDonough (1989).

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Fig. 7. Geochemical classification of Jurassic gabbroic rocks and granitoids on (a) the TAS diagram with subdivision into alkaline and subalkaline series and (b) the K2O vs. SiO2 diagram. The source of the original diagram is the same as those in Fig. 6.

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Fig. 8. Chondrite-normalized REE and N-MORB-normalized multi-element variation diagrams of Jurassic gabbroic rocks and granitoids. The normalization values and upper continental (cont.) crust composition are taken from Sun and McDonough (1989) and Rudnick and Gao (2003), respectively. Abbreviation: OIB, ocean island basalt.

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Fig. 9. Comparison of the studied Jurassic gabbros with Triassic gabbros from the central/eastern Gyeonggi Massif and Cretaceous mafic volcanic/subvolcanic rocks from the east-central China based on plots of their compositions on the tectonic discrimination diagram: (a) Th/Yb vs. Nb/Yb plot with MORB-OIB array and subduction enrichment fingerprint (Pearce, 2008) and (b) La/Ba vs. La/Nb plot (Su et al., 2012). Reference data are taken from Zhang (2007), Yi et al. (2016) and references therein. Abbreviation: CLM, continental (cont.) lithospheric mantle.

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Fig. 10. Comparison of melt compositions derived by experimental dehydration (i.e., fluid absent)-melting of various crustal materials (Patiño Douce, 1999) with compositions of Triassic and Jurassic granitoids. Melt compositions obtained by dehydration melting of calc-alkaline granites at 4 kbar (low pressure) and 8 kbar (high pressure) by Patiño Douce (1997) are also presented for the comparison.

Table 1. SHRIMP U-Pb data for zircons from Mesozoic granitoids and gabbroic rocks and Precambrian country rock (biotite gneiss).

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Table 1. Continued

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Table 2. Representative major and trace element compositions of Mesozoic granitoids in the Dangjin area

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Table 3. Representative major and trace element compositions of Jurassic gabbroic rocks in the Dangjin area

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