Fig. 1. Geometrical model setup and mesh grid (not to scale, case_Q35h144d12 and case_Q35h120d12 d50=1.2 mm)
Fig. 2. The distribution of wall shear stress τ0 and depth-averaged relative turbulence intensities r0 along the flow direction (case_Q35h144d12)
Fig. 3. The distribution of wall shear stress τ0 and depth-averaged relative turbulence intensities r0 along the flow direction (case_Q35h120d12)
Table 1. Physical experiment conditions of scour test
Table 2. The boundary conditions of the model
References
- G. J. C. M. Hoffmans, and K. W. Pilarczyk, "Local scour downstream of hydraulic structures", Journal of hydraulic Engineering, Vol.121, No. 4, pp.326-340, Apr. 1995. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1995)121:4(326)
- C. Kim, J. Kim and J. Kang, "Hydraulic Model Test on Scour Protection with Scale Effect", Journal of Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation, Vol.13, No.6, pp.375-379, 2013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.9798/KOSHAM.2013.13.6.375
- OpenFOAM, The Open Source CFD Toolbox User Guide Introductions 2018, Available From: https://www.openfoam.com/documentation/user-guide/
- H. M. Kim, D. H. Yoon, and K. W. Seul, "EVALUATION OF OPENFOAM IN TERMS OF THE NUMERICAL PRECISION OF INCOMPRESSIBLE FLOW ANALYSIS", Journal of computational fluids engineering, Vol.18, No.2, pp.49-55, Jun. 2013. DOI: http://doi.org/10.6112/kscfe.2018.23.3.079
- E. Robertson, V. Choundhury, S. Bhushan, D.K. Walters, "Validation of OpenFOAM numerical methods and turbulence models for incompressible bluff body flows", Computers & Fluids, Vol.123, pp.122-145, Dec. 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.2015.09.010
- A. Bayon, D. Valero, R. Garcia-Bartual, F. Jos, F.J. Valles-Moran and P.A. Lopez-Jim, "Performance assessment of OpenFOAM and FLOW-3D in the numerical modeling of a low Reynolds number hydraulic jump body flows", Environmental Modelling & Software, Vol.80, pp.322-335, Jun. 2016. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2016.02.018
- S. W. Park, "Experimental Study of Local Scouring at the Downstream of River Bed Protection ". Ph.D. dissertation, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, pp. 44-55, pp.62-66, 2016.
- F. R. Menter, "Two-equation eddy-viscosity turbulence models for engineering applications", AIAA journal , Vol.32, No.8, pp.1598-1605, Aug. 1994. DOI: http://doi.org/10.2514/3.12149
- B.E. Launder and D. B. Spalding, "The numerical computation of turbulent flows", Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, Vol.3, No.2, pp.269-289, Mar. 1974. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0045-7825(74)90029-2
- D. C. Wilcox, "Re-assessment of the scale determining equation for advanced turbulence models", AIAA journal, Vol.24, No.11, pp.1299-1310, Nov. 1988. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2514/3.10041
- T. H. H. Nguyen, J. Lee, S. W. Park and J. Ahn "Two-dimensional Numerical Analysis on the Flow and Turbulence Structures in Artificial Dunes", KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol.22, No.12, pp.4922-4929, Oct. 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-018-0103-x
- X. Yu, and X. Yu, "1D and 2D hydraulic simulations for bridge scour prediction: A comparative study", 4th International Conference on Scour and Erosion, Tokyo, Japan, pp.226-232, Nov. 2008. DOI: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11970/100121
- K. Neven, B. Damir, G. Gordon and M. Eamon, "Monitoring of river channel morphodynamical changes in the zone of bridge piers", 1st International Conference on Road and Rail Infrasturucture, Croatia, May. 2010.
- W. Guo, J. Hong, C. Chen, C. Su and J. Lai, "A simplified simulation method for flood-induced bend scour a case study near the Shuideliaw embankment on the Cho-Shui river", water , Vol.9, pp. 324-343, Mar. 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/w9050324
- T. H. H. Nguyen, J. Ahn and S. W. Park, "Numerical and Physical Investigation of the Performance of Turbulence Modeling Schemes around a Scour Hole Downstream of a Fixed Bed Protection", water , Vol.10, No.2, pp.103-115, Jan. 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/w10020103
- V. A. Vanoni, "Sedimentation Engineering (Manuals No. 54)", American Society of Civil Engineering, pp.56-60, 1975. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784408230
- G. J. C. M. Hoffmans and H. J. Verheji, "Scour manual", Taylor and Francis Group, pp.42-46, Jan. 1997. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1201/9780203740132