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Study on the LNG Vaporization Characteristics of Open Rack Vaporizer(ORV) with Two-way Seawater Supplying System

해수 2단 공급에 따른 해수식 기화기(ORV)의 LNG 기화 특성 연구

  • Kim, Nam-Kug (Department of Refrigeration and Air-conditioning Engineering, the Graduate School of Korea Maritime and Ocean University) ;
  • Yun, Sang-Kook (Department of Refrigeration and Air-conditioning Engineering, the Graduate School of Korea Maritime and Ocean University)
  • 김남국 (한국해양대학교 대학원 냉동공조공학과) ;
  • 윤상국 (한국해양대학교 대학원 냉동공조공학과)
  • Received : 2019.01.08
  • Accepted : 2019.02.17
  • Published : 2019.02.28

Abstract

LNG is supplying to consumers as gas phase vaporized by major seawater vaporizer, i.e.. open rack vaporizers. But as soon as the temperature of seawater drops below $5^{\circ}C$ in winter, the submerged evaporators should be operated and cause a lot of energy consumption because of their natural gas combustion. In order to reduce the consumption amount, in this study new two-way supplying method of seawater instead of the present one-way supplying system is introduced and analysed the technical possibilities and economical savings. The results showed that in case of the temperature of seawater becomes below $2.5^{\circ}C$, LNG can be evaporated using ORV without operating S MV. If this system is applied in Incheon LNG terminal, the energy saving reaches 11,770 Ton of LNG as 11,760 million won. By the analysis, the two-way supplying system of seawater in ORV can be the most effective method to be able to save huge amount of energy every year.

LNG는 주된 기화기인 해수를 이용하는 해수식 기화기를 이용하여 가스 상태로 소비자에 공급되고 있다. 그러나 겨울철 해수 온도가 $5^{\circ}C$이하로 저하되면 수중 연소식 기화기를 사용하게 되며 이 때 막대한 LNG 기화 소요 비용이 발생하게 된다. 이를 절감하기 위하여 현재의 해수식 기화기의 1단 해수공급을 2단으로 공급하는 공정을 고안하여 그 효과를 분석하였다. 해석 결과, 6m 전열관의 외부에 해수를 2단으로 3m씩 가열할 때 온도가 $1.8^{\circ}C$가 저하되어 해수 온도 $2.5^{\circ}C$까지도 LNG의 기화온도를 $0^{\circ}C$이상으로 배출할 수 있는 것으로 해석되었다. 인천 생산기지에 이 공정이 적용된다면 연간 동계 운전비용 절감량은 LNG 11,770 Ton, 절감액은 117.6억 원으로 분석되었다. LNG를 전량 수입하는 국내 여건에서는 해수 2단 공급 공정을 적용한다면 막대한 에너지와 비용을 절감할 수 있는 매우 효과적인 공정이 될 수 있음을 알 수 있다.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Structure of current LNG open rack vaporizer.

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Fig. 2. LNG evaporation phenomena inside tube.

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Fig. 3. Temperature and velocity profile of seawater in current ORV.

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Fig. 4. Two-way supplying system of seawaterin ORV.

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Fig. 5. Temperature profile of two- way seawater supplying system in ORV.

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Fig. 6. Winter seawater temperature of Incheon in 2018.

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Fig. 7. Current LNG evaporation rate of SMV with seawater temperature in winter.

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Fig. 8. Current daily LNG evaporation rate of SMV in Incheon terminal.

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Fig. 9. LNG evaporation rate of SMV with twoway seawater supplying system.

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Fig. 10. Daily LNG evaporation rate of SMV with two-way seawater supplying system in Incheon terminal.

Table 1. Current LNG evaporation rate of ORV with seawater temperature in winter

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Table 2. LNG evaporation rate of ORV with twoway seawater supplying system in winter

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