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Analysis of Factors Influencing Burnout of Nurses in Long-term Care Hospitals Based on Job Demand -Resource Model

직무요구-자원모형을 기반으로 한 요양병원 간호사의 소진에 대한 영향요인 분석

  • Yang, Eun-Ok (Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences Gwangyang University) ;
  • Gu, Mee-Ock (College of Nursing, Gerontological Health Research Center in Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University)
  • 양은옥 (광양 보건대학 간호학과) ;
  • 구미옥 (경상 대학교 간호대학&경상대학교 건강과학연구원 노인건강연구센터)
  • Received : 2019.02.06
  • Accepted : 2019.04.05
  • Published : 2019.04.30
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Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the factors influencing burnout of nurses in long-term care hospitals based on the expanded JD-R model (Xanthopoulou et al, 2007). Participants were 167 nurses who worked in long-term care hospitals. The instruments used in this study were the Maslach Burnout Inventory, Copenhagen Psycho-social Questionnaire version II, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and the instrument developed by Thomas and Ganster (1995). Data were collected from August 25 to September 6, 2018 and analyzed based on frequency, t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and hierarchical regression using the SPSS WIN 23.0 program. The results were as follows: Nurses' burnout in long-term care hospitals was positively correlated with job demands (r=.24, p=.002) and negatively correlated with resilience (r=-.43, p<.001) and social support (r=-.41, p<.001). Factors influencing the level of burnout were resilience (${\beta}=-.28$, p<.001), social support (${\beta}=-.20$, p=.016), and job demands (${\beta}=.17$, p=.016) ), which together explained 32.0% of the total variance in burnout. Therefore, we strongly recommend interventions that reduce job demands and enhance resilience and social support to prevent and reduce the burnout of nurses in long-term care hospitals.

본 연구는 Xanthopoulou 등(2007)의 확장된 직무요구-자원모형을 기반으로 요양병원 간호사의 소진에 미치는 영향요인을 규명하기 위해 시도되었다. 요양병원 간호사 167명을 대상으로 설문지를 이용하여 2018년 8월 25일부터 2018년 9월 6일까지 자료를 수집하였다. 연구도구는 Maslach Burnout Inventory, Copenhagen Psyco-social Questionnaire version II, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale 및 Thomas & Ganster (1995)가 개발한 도구를 사용하였다. SPSS WIN 23.0 프로그램을 이용하여 빈도, t-test, ANOVA, 피어슨 상관계수, 위계적 회귀분석으로 분석하였다. 연구결과 요양병원 간호사의 소진은 직무 요구(r=.24, p=.002)와는 정적 상관관계를 보이고, 회복탄력성(r=-.43, p<.001)과 사회적지지(r=-.41, p<.001)와는 부적 상관관계를 보였다. 요양병원 간호사의 소진에 회복탄력성(${\beta}=-.28$, p<.001), 사회적 지지(${\beta}=-.20$, p=.016), 직무요구(${\beta}=.17$, p=.016) 순으로 유의한 영향을 미쳤고, 이들 변수의 설명력은 32.0%로 나타났다. 따라서 요양병원 간호사의 소진 예방 및 감소를 위해 직무요구를 줄이고 회복탄력성과 사회적 지지를 향상시킬 수 있는 중재의 수행을 적극적으로 권장한다

Keywords

Table 1. Differences of job demand, social support, resilience, and burn out according to general characteristics of geriatric hospital nurses

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n4_137_t0001.png 이미지

Table 2. Job demand, social support, resilience, and burn out in geriatric hospital nurses

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n4_137_t0002.png 이미지

Table 3. Correlation between job demand, social support, resilience, and burnout in geriatric hospital nurses

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n4_137_t0003.png 이미지

Table 4. Influencing factors on burnout in geriatric hospital nurses

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n4_137_t0004.png 이미지

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