Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association (한국터널지하공간학회 논문집)

Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association (한국터널지하공간학회)
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An analysis of excavation cycle time for Korean tunnels and the comparison with the Standard of Construction Estimate

국내터널 굴착 사이클타임에 대한 분석결과와 표준품셈과의 비교

  • Kim, Yangkyun (Resources Development Institute, Hanyang University) ;
  • Kim, Hyung-Mok (Department of Energy and Mineral Resources Engineering, Sejong University) ;
  • Lee, Sean S. (Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University)
  • 김양균 (한양대학교 자원개발연구소) ;
  • 김형목 (세종대학교 에너지자원공학과) ;
  • 이승원 (한양대학교 자원환경공학과)
  • Received : 2018.11.28
  • Accepted : 2018.12.24
  • Published : 2019.01.31
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Abstract

Estimating tunnel construction time and costs are the most fundamental part of a tunnel project planning, which has been generally assessed on a deterministic basis until now. In this paper, excavation cycle time was investigated for two road tunnels and one subway tunnel, and the results were compared with the Standard of Construction Estimate (SE), which is made for the estimation of construction time and cost in a design stage. The results show that the difference in cycle time between SE and actual cycle time is 50%, 7% and 31% respectively for the three tunnels, which means that SE does not reflect practical operation time. The major reasons of the difference are skilled level of tunneling workers, the change of operation sequences for more effective operations, much more complicated working atmosphere in a tunnel than the assumption of SE etc. Finally, even though the results can not be generalized since investigated tunnels are only 3, but it is thought that SE needs to be upgraded into the model able to consider quite common situations through additional tunnel investigation and studies in the future.

터널공사 시간 및 비용의 예측은 터널공사를 계획하는데 있어서 가장 기본적인 사항이며, 우리나라에서는 결정론적 방법에 따라 체계화된 표준품셈에 의해 계산하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 국내 터널 공사기간 또는 사이클타임의 신뢰성 있는 예측모델 구축이라는 장기적인 목표를 위하여, 우선 국내 터널 3개의 현장에 대한 터널굴착시간을 세부공종별로 분석하고, 터널설계시 공사기간을 추정하는 공식적인 방법인 표준품셈에서의 사이클타임과 비교하였다. 그 결과 실제 굴착 사이클타임은 표준품셈대비 3개의 터널 각각 50 %, 7%, 31% 수준의 차이를 보였고, 특히 숏크리트와 록볼트 타설시간에서는 각각 171%, 88%로 매우 큰 차이를 보였다. 이에 대한 가장 큰 이유는 표준품셈은 주된 작업공종별로만 작업시간이 분류되어 있어 터널작업자들의 숙련도, 각종 시공장비의 종류 및 사양, 또는 터널굴착작업에서 발생하는 다양한 시공조건을 고려하고 있지 않기 때문이다. 결국 본 연구결과는 현재까지 조사가 이루어진 터널 3개 현장의 특정한 상황에 대해서만 적용될 수 있으므로, 향후 터널굴착 세부작업시간에 대한 지속적인 데이터 축적을 통해 신뢰성 있는 터널굴진시간 예측모델을 구축할 계획이다.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Possibility of total construction time and cost estimates (Špačková, 2012)

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Fig. 2. Cross section shapes and drill patterns of the investigated tunnels

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Fig. 3. Comparison of cycle time for the 3 tunnels

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Fig. 4. Ranges of operation time in actual operations and by SE

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Fig. 5. Comparison of the ranges of cycle time in actual operations and by SE

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Fig. 6. Drilling & charging part of TUNSIM-Q for the estimation of basic construction time

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Fig. 7. Flow to estimate the basic construction time in TUNSIM-Q (Kim and Bruland, 2009)

Table 1. Summary of the investigated tunnels

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Table 2. Cycle time by the Standard of Construction Estimate (MOLIT and KICT, 2018)

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Table 3. Definition of tunnel type (MOLIT and KICT, 2018)

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Table 4. Drilling rate of drilling jumbos (MOLIT and KICT, 2018)

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Table 5. Typical range of load factor

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Table 6. Results of the variables defined in Table 2

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Table 7. Comparison of operation time in actual operations and by SE

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