The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology (문화기술의 융합)

The International Promotion Agency of Culture Technology (국제문화기술진흥원)
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Effects of Agent Interaction on Driver Experience in a Semi-autonomous Driving Experience Context - With a Focus on the Effect of Self-Efficacy and Agent Embodiment -

부분자율주행 체험환경에서 에이전트 인터랙션 방식이 운전자 경험에 미치는 영향 - 자기효능감과 에이전트 체화 효과를 중심으로 -

  • 이정명 (연세대학교 정보대학원 UX 트랙) ;
  • 주혜화 (연세대학교 정보대학원 UX 트랙) ;
  • 최준호 (연세대학교 정보대학원 UX 트랙)
  • Received : 2018.10.13
  • Accepted : 2019.01.05
  • Published : 2019.02.28
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Abstract

With the commercialization of the ADAS functions, the need for the experience of the autonomous driving system is increasing, and the role of the artificial intelligence agent is attracting attention. This study is an autonomous driving experience experiment that verifies the effect of self-efficacy and agent embodiment. Through a simulator experiment, we measured the effect of existence of self-efficacy and agent embodiment on social presence, perceived risk, and perceived ease of use. Results show that self-efficacy had a positive effect on social presence and perceived risk, and agent embodiment negatively affected perceived ease of use. Based on the results of the study, we proposed guidelines for agent design that can increase the acceptance of the semi-autonomous driving system.

ADAS 기능의 상용화에 따라 자율주행 시스템 체험에 대한 필요성이 높아지면서, 인공지능 에이전트의 역할이 주목받고 있다. 이 연구는 자기효능감 자극과 에이전트 체화 효과를 검증하기 위한 자율주행 체험 실험이다. 시뮬레이터 실험을 통해 자기효능감 자극의 유무, 에이전트 체화의 유무에 따른 사회적 실재감, 인지된 위험, 그리고 인지된 용이성 요인의 효과를 측정하였다. 분석 결과, 자기효능감 자극은 사회적 실재감, 인지된 위험에 긍정적 영향을 주고, 에이전트 체화는 인지된 용이성에 부정적 영향을 주는 것으로 확인되었다. 연구결과에 기반하여 부분자율주행 시스템의 수용도를 높일 수 있는 에이전트 설계 가이드라인을 제안하였다.

Keywords

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그림 1. 기아자동차 스포티지에 탑재된 바이두 AI 에이전트의 체화 사례 (CES 2019) Figure 1. Embodied AI Agent of Baidu in KIA SPORTAGE

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그림 2. 시뮬레이터 실험 환경 (주행 스크린과 보조 스크린) Figure 2. Simulator experimental setup (Main and secondary screens)

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그림 3. 주행 실험 화면 Figure 3. Driving experiment view

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그림 6. 사회적 실재감에 대한 상호작용 효과 Figure 6. Interaction Effects on Social Presence

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그림 4. 보조 스크린 구성 예시(자기효능감) Figure 4. Example of Sub-screen Composition(Self Efficacy)

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그림 5. 보조 스크린 구성 예시(에이전트 체화 자극) Figure 5. Example of Sub-screen Composition(Agent Embodiment)

표 1. 에이전트 음성 스크립트 예시 Table 1. Example of Agent’s Voice Script

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표 2. 집단별 사회적 실재감 평균(표준편차) Table 2. Mean Scores of Social Presence

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표 4. 집단별 인지된 위험 평균(표준편차) Table 4. Mean Scores of Perceived Risk

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표 6. 집단별 인지된 용이성 평균(표준편차) Table 6. Mean Scores of Perceived Ease of Use

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표 3. 사회적 실재감에 대한 이원 분산분석 결과 Table 3. Result of two-way ANOVA for Social Presence

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표 5. 인지된 위험에 대한 이원 분산분석 결과 Table 5. Result of two-way ANOVA for Perceived Risk

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표 7. 인지된 용이성에 대한 이원 분산분석 결과 Table 7. Result of two-way ANOVA for Perceived Ease of Use

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