한국작물학회지 (KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE)

  • 제64권4호
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  • Pages.395-405
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  • 2019
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  • 0252-9777(pISSN)
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  • 2287-8432(eISSN)
한국작물학회 (The Korean Society of Crop Science)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

콩에 있어서 온도 상승이 생물 계절, 수량구성요소, 단백질 및 지방함량 영향 평가

Effects of High Temperature on Soybean Physiology, Protein and Oil Content, and Yield

  • 이윤호 (국립식량과학원 작물재배생리과) ;
  • 상완규 (국립식량과학원 작물재배생리과) ;
  • 조정일 (국립식량과학원 작물재배생리과) ;
  • 서명철 (국립식량과학원 작물재배생리과)
  • Lee, Yun-Ho (Crop physiology and production, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Sang, Wan-Gyu (Crop physiology and production, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Cho, Jung-Il (Crop physiology and production, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Seo, Myung-Chul (Crop physiology and production, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration)
  • 투고 : 2019.08.31
  • 심사 : 2019.10.27
  • 발행 : 2019.12.31
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초록

본 연구는 자연 환경과 가장 유사한 온도구배 챔버에서 국내 최대 보급 품종인 대원콩, 풍산나물콩 및 대풍콩을 통해 재배기간 온도 상승에 따른 생물 계절, 수량구성요소, 단백질 및 지방함량 변화를 구명하고자 수행을 하였다. 2017년과 2018년 대원콩과 풍산나물콩은 aT+ 1에 비하여 aT+ 4에서 개화기가 지연하였다. 특히 2018년이 지연일수가 길었다. 반면 대풍콩은 일률적으로 개화를 하였다. 이러한 결과 등숙기간은 년차간과 온도구배간 약 3-9일이 지연이 되었다. 수량 구성요소에서는 2017년에 비하여 2018년이 감소 폭이 높았다. 특히 100립 중과 종실 수량이 감소하였다. 연차와 품종에 따라서 면적 당 협수의 감소는 대원콩과 대품콩이 각각 48.8%와 41.5%씩 감소를 하였다. 풍산나물콩은 14.7%가 감소를 하였다. 단백질과 지방함량은 연차, 품종 및 온도구배에 따라 고도의 유의성을 보였다. 특히 2018년이 2017년에 비하여 등숙기간 온도 상승으로 인해 단백질과 지방함량이 감소하였다. 그러나 대풍콩은 2017년에 비하여 2018년이 지방함량은 높았다. 본 연구에 알 수 있듯이 개화기에서 종실비대기사이의 온도 상승은 생물 계절을 지연과 협수와 100립 중이 감소하여 종실 수량 감소로 이어졌다. 또한 콩 종실의 주요 성분인 단백질과 지방함량을 감소시켰다. 따라서 향후 지구 온난화로 인한 수량 보다는 영양학적 측면도 연구가 진행되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.

A recent assessment by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change projected that the global average surface temperature will increase by a value 1.5℃ from 2030 to 2052. In this study, we used a temperature gradient chamber that mimicked field conditions to evaluate the effect of increased air temperature on phenology, yield components, protein content, and oil content, to assess soybean growth. In 2017 and 2018, 'Deawonkong', 'Pungsannamulkong', and 'Deapungkong' cultivars were grown in three temperature gradient chambers. Four temperature treatment groups were established by dividing the rows along temperature regimes: ambient temperature + 1℃ (aT+1), ambient temperature + 2℃ (aT+2), ambient temperature + 3℃ (aT+3), ambient temperature + 4℃ (aT+4). Year, cultivar, and temperature treatments significantly affected yield components and seed yield. In 2017, the flowering stage of 'Deawon' and 'Pungsannamul' cultivars in the aT+4 group was delayed compared to the flowering stage of those in the aT+1 group. In 2018, the flowering stage of 'Deawon' and 'Pungsannamul' was delayed at all temperature gradients, owing to high temperature stress, whereas 'Deapung' was regularly flowering in 2017 and 2018. The duration of the grain filling period was six days shorter in 2018 than in 2017 because of high temperature stress. The total number of pods per ㎡ for 'Deawon' and 'Pungsannamul' was 48.8 and 41.5% lower in 2018 than in 2017, respectively, whereas 'Deapung' increased by 6.3%. The 100-seed weight of 'Deawon' and 'Deapung' was 29.2 and 32.1% lower, respectively. However, 'Pungsannamul' decreased by 14.7%. The protein and oil content was lower during the grain filling period in 2018 than in the same period in 2017 because of high temperature stress. In contrast, the oil content in 'Deapung' was higher in 2018 than in 2017. Our results showed that increased temperature during the grain filling period was significantly and negatively correlated with pod number, 100-seed weight, protein content, and oil content.

키워드

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