DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Enhancement of Mixing Performance in Viscous Liquid Using an Electromagnetically Driven Microrobot

초소형 로봇을 이용한 점도성 유체의 혼합 효율 향상

  • Song, Hyeonseok (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Myongji University) ;
  • Park, Yuna (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Myongji University) ;
  • Chung, Sang Kug (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Myongji University)
  • Received : 2018.08.01
  • Accepted : 2018.08.29
  • Published : 2018.08.31

Abstract

This paper presents an electromagnetically driven microrobot for the enhancement of mixing performance in high viscous liquid media such as blood and bone marrow. First, an electromagnetic system was fabricated, and the magnetic flux density generated from the system was compared with the theoretical value. Second, the reciprocating motion of the microrobot was demonstrated in microchannel using electromagnetic system. As a proof of concept, the mixing performance by the electromagnetically driven microrobot in high viscous liquid was investigated using safranin solution. As a result, it was completely mixed within 140 s with the reciprocating motion of the microrobot while it took 1680 s for natural diffusion. In addition, the mixing efficiency was quantitatively evaluated through a mixing index obtained by an image analysis. The proposed method provides not only wireless actuation of a microrobot with a simple design but also high mixing performance in variety of high viscous liquid media.

Keywords

References

  1. Nichols, M. Townsend, N. Scarborough, P. Rayner, M., 2014, "Cardiovascular Disease in Europe 2014: Epidemiological Update," Eur. Heart J., Vol. 35(42), pp. 2950-2959. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehu299
  2. Saito, S. Tanaka, S. Hiroe, Y. Miyashita, Y. Takahashi, S. Satake, S. Tanaka, K., 2003, "Angioplasty for Chronic Total Occlusion by Using Tapered-tip Guidewires," Catheter. Cardiovasc. Interv., Vol. 59(3), pp. 305-311. https://doi.org/10.1002/ccd.10505
  3. Allen, T. M. Cullis, P. R. 2004, "Drug Delivery Systems: Entering the Mainstream," Science, Vol. 303(5665), pp. 1818-1822. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1095833
  4. Ferrara, K. Pollard, R. Borden, M., 2007, "Ultrasound Microbubble Contrast Agents: Fundamentals and Application to Gene and Drug Delivery," Annu. Rev. Biomed. Eng., Vol. 9, pp. 415-447. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.bioeng.8.061505.095852
  5. Zhang, Y. Chan, H. F. Leong, K. W., 2013, "Advanced Materials and Processing for Drug Delivery: the Past and the Future," Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., Vol. 65(1), pp. 104-120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2012.10.003
  6. Zhou, Y. Sitti, M., 2014, "Dynamic Trapping and Two-dimensional Transport of Swimming Microorganisms Using a Rotating Magnetic Microrobot," Lab Chip, Vol. 14, pp. 2177-2182. https://doi.org/10.1039/C4LC00004H
  7. Ghanbari, A. Bahrami, M., 2011, "A Novel Swimming Microrobot Based on Artificial Cillia for Biomedical Applications," J. Intell. Robot Syst., Vol. 63(3-4), pp. 399-416. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10846-010-9516-6
  8. Chen, B. Jiang, S. Liu, Y. Yang, P. Chen, S., 2010, "Research on the Kinematic Properites of a Sperm-Like Swimming Micro Robot," J. Bio. Engine., Vol. 7, pp. S123-S129. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1672-6529(09)60225-0
  9. Sahari, A. Headen, D. Behkam, B., 2012, "Effect of Body Shape on the Motile Behavior of Bacteria-Powered Swimming Microrobot (BacteriaBots)," Biomed Microdevices, Vol. 14, pp. 999-1007. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10544-012-9712-1
  10. Zhang, L. Abbott, J. J. Dong, L. Peyer, K. E. Kratochvil, B. E. Zhang, H. ... Nelson, B. J., 2009, "Characterizing the Swimming Properties of Artificial Bacterial Flagella," Nano Lett., Vol. 9(10), pp. 3663-3667. https://doi.org/10.1021/nl901869j
  11. Sudo, S. Segawa, S. Honda, T., 2006, "Magnetic Swimming Mechanism in a Viscous Liquid," J Intell Mater Syst Struct., Vol. 17(8-9), pp. 729-736. https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389X06055828
  12. Lee, K. Y. Park, S. Lee, Y. R. Chung, S. K., 2016, "Magnetic Droplet Microfluidic System Incorporated with Acoustic Excitation for Mixing Enhancement," Sens. Actuator A-Phys., Vol. 243, pp. 59-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2016.03.009
  13. Khatavkar, V. V. Anderson, P. D. Toonder, J. D. Meijer, H. E. H., 2007, "Active Micromixer Based on Artificial Cilia," Physics of Fluids, Vol. 19(8), pp. 083605-1-083605-13. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2762206
  14. Tsai, T. H. Liou, D. S. Kuo, L. S. Chen, P. H., 2009, "Rapid Mixing Between Ferro-nanofluid and Water in a Semi-active Y-type Micromixer," Sens. Actuators A-Phys., Vol. 153(2), pp. 267-273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2009.05.004
  15. Chen, C. Y. Chen, C. Y. Lin, C. Y. Hu, Y. T., 2013, "Magnetically Actuated Artificial Cilia for Optimum Mixing Performance in Microfluidics," Lap Chip, Vol. 13, pp. 2834-2839. https://doi.org/10.1039/c3lc50407g
  16. Wang, S. Huang, X. Yang, C., 2011, "Mixing Enhancement for High Viscous Fluids in a Microfluidic Chamber," Lap Chip, Vol. 11, pp. 2081-2087. https://doi.org/10.1039/c0lc00695e
  17. Nguyen, N.-T. Wu, Z., 2005, "Micromixers-a Review," J. Micromech. Microeng., Vol. 15(2), pp. R1-R16. https://doi.org/10.1088/0960-1317/15/2/R01
  18. Wang, J. Jiao, N. Tung, S. Liu, L., 2014, "Magnetic Microrobot and Its Application in a Microfluidic System," Robotics Biomim., Vol. 1(1), pp. 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40638-014-0001-8
  19. Mensing, G. A. Pearce, T. M. Graham, M. D. Beebe, D. J., 2004, "An Externally Driven Magnetic Microstirrer," Philos. Trans. Math. Phys. Eng. Sci., Vol. 362(1818), pp. 1059-1068. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2003.1362
  20. Yesin, K. B. Vollmers, K. Nelson, B. J., 2006, "Modeling and Control of Untethered Biomicrorobots in a Fluidic Environment Using Electromagnetic Fields," Int. J. Rob. Res., Vol. 25(5-6), pp. 527-536. https://doi.org/10.1177/0278364906065389
  21. Nelson, B. J. Kaliakatsos, I. K. Abbott, J. J., 2010, "Microrobots for Minimally Invasive Medicine," Annu. Rev. Biomed. Eng., Vol. 12, pp. 55-85. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-bioeng-010510-103409
  22. Niu, X. Liu, L. Wen, W. Sheng, P., 2006, "Active Microfluidic Mixer Chip," Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 88(15), p. 153508. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2195567