DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Designing a Modular Safety Certification System for Convergence Products - Focusing on Autonomous Driving Cars -

융복합제품을 위한 모듈방식의 안전인증체계 설계 -자율주행 자동차를 중심으로-

  • Shin, Wan-Seon (Department of System Management Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University) ;
  • Kim, Ji-Won (Department of Industrial Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University)
  • 신완선 (성균관대학교 시스템경영공학과) ;
  • 김지원 (성균관대학교 산업공학과)
  • Received : 2018.11.05
  • Accepted : 2018.11.30
  • Published : 2018.12.30

Abstract

Purpose: Autonomous driving cars, which are often represent the new convergence product, have been researched since the early years of 1900 but their safety assurance policies are yet to be implemented for real world practices. The primary purpose of this paper is to propose a modular concept based on which a safety assurance system can be designed and implemented for operating autonomous driving cars. Methods: We combine a set of key attributes of CE mark (European Assurance standard), E-Mark (Automobile safety assurance system), and A-SPICE (Automobile software assurance standard) into a modular approach. Results: Autonomous vehicles are emphasizing software safety, but there is no integrated safety certification standard for products and software. As such, there is complexity in the product and software safety certification process during the development phase. Using the concept of module, we were able to come up with an integrated safety certification system of product and software for practical uses in the future. Conclusion: Through the modular concept, both international and domestic standards policy stakeholders are expected to consider a new structure that can help the autonomous driving industries expedite their commercialization for the technology advanced market in the era of Industry 4.0.

Keywords

PJGOB9_2018_v46n4_1001_f0001.png 이미지

Figure 1. The Concept of Module

PJGOB9_2018_v46n4_1001_f0002.png 이미지

Figure 2. CE Mark Conformity assessment process

PJGOB9_2018_v46n4_1001_f0003.png 이미지

Figure 3. e-Mark Certification Process

PJGOB9_2018_v46n4_1001_f0004.png 이미지

Figure 4. A-SPICE (Automotive SPICE) Model

PJGOB9_2018_v46n4_1001_f0005.png 이미지

Figure 5. A-SPICE Level criteria

PJGOB9_2018_v46n4_1001_f0006.png 이미지

Figure 6. HIS Scope Process

PJGOB9_2018_v46n4_1001_f0007.png 이미지

Figure 7. A Comparative Mapping of CE Mark, e-Mark, and A-SPICE

PJGOB9_2018_v46n4_1001_f0008.png 이미지

Figure 8. An Integrated Model using e-Mark and A-SPICE

References

  1. Antonio, KW Lau, CM Yam Richard, and Esther Tang. "The complementarity of internal integration and product modularity: An empirical study of their interaction effect on competitive capabilities." Journal of Engineering and Technology Management 26:305-326.
  2. Baldwin, Carliss Young, and Kim B. Clark. 2000 Design rules: The power of modularity. MIT press.
  3. Birch, J., Rivett, R., Habli, I., Bradshaw, B., Botham, J., Higham, D., and Palin, R. 2013. "Safety cases and their role in ISO 26262 functional safety assessment." International Conference on Computer Safety, Reliability, and Security. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
  4. Cha, W. Y., 2016. "US Autonomous Driving Policy and Implications of Google's Autonomous Car Patent." KISTEP Research Report.
  5. Cho, J. H., Jung, Y. J, Jun, S. H., Han, T. M. and Kim, H. S. 2010. "An Implementation of automotive development methodology Based on ISO 26262." Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers, Autumn Conference and Exhibition, 2052-2059.
  6. Cho, J. H., Park, K. M., Han, T. M., Jung, Y. J., Jeon, S. H. and Kim, H. S. 2009. "An Analysis of ISO 26262 and its applications." Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers. Autumn Conference and Exhibition 1697-1702.
  7. Choe, G. H. 2016. "Standardization test certification guidebook in international trade required for technical barriers." IICS, ISBN: 979-11-959002-0-6.
  8. Choi, B. R. 2012. "Product Safety Certification and Product Liability(focused on Liability of State and Manufacturer for defective Products of Product Safety Certification." The Korean Consumer Safety Association 2:15-38.
  9. Dardar, R., Gallina, B., Johnsen, A., Lundqvist, K., and Nyberg, M. 2012. "Industrial experiences of building a safety case in compliance with ISO 26262." Software Reliability Engineering Workshops (ISSREW), IEEE 23rd International Symposium on IEEE.
  10. Drucker, Peter F. 1990. "The emerging theory of manufacturing." Harvard Business Review 68:94-102.
  11. Gallina, Barbara. 2014. "A model-driven safety certification method for process compliance." Software Reliability Engineering Workshops (ISSREW), IEEE International Symposium on IEEE.
  12. Habli, Ibrahim, and Tim Kelly. 2006. "Process and product certification arguments: getting the balance right." ACM SIGBED Review 3:1-8.
  13. Hoogeweegen, M. R., Teunissen, W. J., Vervest, P. H., and Wagenaar, R. W. 1999. "Modular network design: Using information and communication technology to allocate production tasks in a virtual organization." Decision Sciences 30:1073-1103. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5915.1999.tb00919.x
  14. ISO/IEC Guide2:1996(Standardization and related activities - General vocabulary)
  15. Jacobs, Mark, Shawnee K. Vickery, and Cornelia Droge. 2007. "The effects of product modularity on competitive performance: do integration strategies mediate the relationship?." International Journal of Operations & Production Management 27:1046-1068. https://doi.org/10.1108/01443570710820620
  16. Kim, N. K., Kim. Y. J., Heo, J. W., Choi, J. Y., Choi, J. Y., Kim, Y. S., and Cho, S. R. 2017. "The need for 5G in the Age of Fourth Industrial Revolution and a Standardization Trends about 5G Mobile communication" The Korea Institute of Communications and Information Sciences 739-740.
  17. Kornecki, Andrew, and Janusz Zalewski. 2009. "Certification of software for real-time safety-critical systems: state of the art." Innovations in Systems and Software Engineering 5:149-161. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11334-009-0088-1
  18. Langlois, Richard N. 2002. "Modularity in technology and organization." Journal of economic behavior & organization 49:19-37. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-2681(02)00056-2
  19. Lee, B. Y. 2016. "Trends and prospects of autonomous driving technology development at home and abroad." Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering 33:10-16.
  20. Lee, M. S. 2016. "The Trend of International Safety Standard on Autonomous Vehicles." Auto Journal 38:22-26.
  21. Lee, Y. S., Kim, H. M. and Hwang, S. M. 2002. "A Study on Architecture Analysis of SPICE and CMMI model." Korea Multimedia Society 51-54.
  22. Min, K. C. and Lee, M. S. 2015. "The Trend of Temporary Operating Permit and Safety Standard on Autonomous Vehicles in Korea and Abroad." Auto Journal 37:53-58.
  23. Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy. 2016, "A Study on Industrial Policy Direction for Activating Ecosystem of Smart Automobile Industry."(Final Report).
  24. Park, S. G. 2017. "Current and Future of Autonomous Vehicles." Korea Robotics Society 14:11-17.
  25. Sabar, Suneel. 2011. "Software Process Improvement and Lifecycle Models in Automotive Industry.".
  26. Seol, H. J. 2007. "Methodology for process benchmarking and modularization." Seoul National University Graduate School of Industrial Engineering(PhD thesis).
  27. VDA QMC Working Group 13/ Automotive SIG. 2015. "Automotive SPICE Process Reference Model/Process Assessment Model(Ver.3.0).".
  28. Yang, H. T. 2017. "Guidelines for autonomous vehicles with deregulation of the US government." Science and Technology Policy Institute 27:4-9.