DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

밀폐공간진입을 위한 가상현실(VR) 훈련의 효과

Effect of Virtual Reality Training for the Enclosed Space Entry

  • Chae, Chong-Ju (Korea Institute of Maritime and Fisheries Technology) ;
  • Lee, Jin-Woo (Korea Institute of Maritime and Fisheries Technology) ;
  • Jung, Jin-Ki (Korea Research Institute of Ships and Ocean Engineering) ;
  • Ahn, Young-Joong (Korea Institute of Maritime and Fisheries Technology)
  • 투고 : 2018.03.05
  • 심사 : 2018.04.27
  • 발행 : 2018.04.30

초록

국제해양사고조사포럼(MAIIF)의 조사에 따르면 1998~2009까지 밀폐공간진입 시 발생한 101건의 사고에서 93명의 사망자와 96명의 부상자가 발생하였다. 이에 국제해사기구(IMO)는 밀폐공간진입을 위한 지침과 SOLAS 1974 협약 제3장 규칙 19를 개정하여 주기적으로 선박에서 밀폐공간진입 훈련을 시행하도록 강제화 하였다. 밀폐공간진입 훈련은 실제적이고 진입 시의 위험성을 인식할 수 있도록 실시되어야 하며, 훈련 중 훈련참가자나 교육생들의 안전도 고려되어야 한다. 최근에는 교육 및 훈련효과의 향상을 위해 가상현실(VR) 교육 컨텐츠들이 다양한 분야에서 이용되고 있으며, 이러한 방법은 장소의 제한 없이 실제적이고 반복적인 학습에 장점을 가지고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 VR을 이용한 밀폐공간진입 훈련이 강의형 교육훈련과 비교하여 어떤 효과와 특징 및 차별성이 있는지 훈련참가자들에 대한 정량적 평가와 설문을 통해 확인하였다. 평가 및 설문분석을 통해 VR을 이용한 밀폐공간진입 훈련 참가자들의 학습요소에 대한 숙지도가 강의형 교육훈련 참가자들보다 우수하였고, 교육방식에 대한 참가자들의 주관적 선호도도 VR을 이용한 훈련이 높게 나타났다. 연구결과 VR을 이용한 훈련의 학습효과를 확인할 수 있었으며, VR을 이용한 선상훈련은 동영상 및 시뮬레이터와 같이 효과적인 교육방식으로 이용될 수 있을 것이다.

According to the MAIIF report, from 1998 to 2009, 101 incidents involving entering enclosed spaces aboard ships resulted in 93 deaths and 96 casualties. IMO has therefore amended the Recommendations for entering Enclosed Spaces Entry and SOLAS 1974 Convention Chapter 3 Regulation 19, which mandates enclosed spaces entry and rescue drill on a regular basis. The training of entering such enclosed spaces should be practical, recognizing all possible risks of entering enclosed spaces aboard ships, while also considering the safety of trainees during the training. Recently, educational contents utilizing virtual reality (VR) have been applied in various fields to improve education and training effects, and these methods have proven to have advantages in actual and repetitive learning without being limited to physical space. In this study, the effectiveness, characteristics and differentiation of training of entering enclosed spaces aboard ships using VR were compared with traditional class room lectures through quantitative evaluation and questionnaires of training participants. Through the evaluation and questionnaire, it was found that participants using VR understood and learned the required training elements better than the control group, all of whom were trained through the normal class room lecture. Moreover, participants reported to display preference for training with the help of VR. As a result of the study, it was confirmed that the learning effects of VR onboard training can be used as an effective training method, especially by using video and other types of simulators.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Carlson, P., A. Peters, S. B. Gilbert, J. M. Vance and A. Luse(2014), Virtual Training: Learning Transfer of Assembly Tasks, IEEE E Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 2014, pp. 1-13.
  2. Chittaro, L. and F. Buttussi(2015), Assessing Knowledge Retention of an immersive serious game vs. a traditional education method in aviation safety, IEEE Transactions on visualization and computer graphics, Vol. 21, No. 4, p. 537.
  3. Darken, R. P. and W. P. Banker(1998), Navigating in Natural Environments: A Virtual Environment Training Transfer Study, Proceedings of VRAIS IEEE 1998, pp. 12-19.
  4. International Maritime Organization(2009), Revision of the recommendations for entering enclosed spaces aboard ships, DSC 14/INF.9.
  5. International Maritime Organization(2010), Proposed amendment to SOLAS to mandate enclosed space entry and rescue procedures drills, MSC 87/24/3.
  6. International Maritime Organization(2011), Revised recommendations for entering enclosed spaces aboard ships, Resolution A. 1050(27).
  7. International Maritime Organization(2013), Consideration and adoption of amendments to mandatory instruments, Amendments to the 1974 SOLAS Convention and associated instruments, MSC 92.3, Annex 1, p. 2.
  8. International Maritime Organization(2017a), Result of the 2015 Paris and Tokyo MoUs Concentrated Inspection Campaign (CIC) on Crew familiarization for enclosed space entry, Measures to harmonize port state control (PSC) activities and procedures worldwide, III 4/INF. 4, p. 2.
  9. International Maritime Organization(2017b), Enclosed space entry and rescue drills, SOLAS Convention, Chapter 3, Part B, Section I Reg. 19 (Emergency training and drills), 3.6.
  10. Korea Maritime Safety Tribunal(2016), Safety video for training on how to prevent marine casualties in confined spaces, https://www.kmst.go.kr/user/bbs/detailBbsList.do.

피인용 문헌

  1. A Study on VR/XR-based Disaster Safety Training Technology in the Fourth Industrial Revolution : Fire Training based on VR/XR vol.21, pp.6, 2018, https://doi.org/10.9728/dcs.2020.21.6.1153
  2. Emergency Situation Safety Education Training VR Content Model Design vol.22, pp.1, 2018, https://doi.org/10.9728/dcs.2021.22.1.41