Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture (한국전통조경학회지)

Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture (한국전통조경학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Development of Evaluation Indicators for Performance Improvement of Horticultural Therapy Garden

원예치료정원의 성능개선을 위한 평가지표 개발

  • Ahn, Je-Jun (Green Care Center) ;
  • Park, Yool-Jin (Dept. of Ecology Landscape Architecture Design, Chonbuk National Unversity)
  • 안제준 (그린케어센터) ;
  • 박율진 (전북대학교 생태조경디자인학과)
  • Received : 2018.11.22
  • Accepted : 2018.12.17
  • Published : 2018.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to develop evaluation indicators forperformance improvement of horticultural therapy garden. In order to achieve a therapeutic purpose, the gardening activity held by the trained horticultural therapist. Moreover, horticultural therapy is 'a medical model' for the treatment and basic premise of the research was set, as horticultural therapy garden is characterized area to support activities of patients and horticultural therapist functionally and efficiently. For this study, three times of Delphi and AHP techniques were proceeded to export panels who were recruited by purposive sampling. Through these techniques, it was possible to deduct the evaluation indicator which maximizes the performance of the horticultural therapy garden. The evaluation items were prioritized by typing and stratification of the indicator. The results and discussions were stated as followings. Firstly, a questionnaire of experts was conducted to horticultural therapists and civil servants who were in charge of horticultural therapy. As results(horticultural therapists: 87.8%, civil servants: 75.2%), It is possible to conclude that both positions have the high recognition and agreed on the necessity of horticultural therapy. Secondly, Delphi investigation was conducted three times in order to develop the evaluation indicator for performance evaluation. After Delphi analysis, total 34 of evaluation elements to improve the performance of the horticultural therapy garden by reliability and validity analysis results. Thirdly, AHP analysis of each evaluation indicator was conducted on the relative importance and weighting. Moreover, the results showed 'interaction between nature and human' as the most important element, and in order of 'plan of the program', 'social interaction', 'sustainable environmental', and 'universal design rule', respectively. On the other hand, the exports from the university and research institute evaluated the importance of 'interaction between nature and human', while horticultural therapists chose 'plan of the program' as the most important element. Fourthly, the total weight was used to develop weight applied evaluation indicator for the performance evaluation of the horticultural therapy garden. The weight applying to evaluation index is generally calculated multiply the evaluation scores and the total weight using AHP analysis. Finally, 'the evaluation indicator and evaluation score sheet for performance improvement of the horticultural therapy garden' was finally stated based on the relative order of priority between evaluation indicators and analyzing the weight. If it was deducted the improvement points for the efficiency of already established horticultural therapy garden using the 'weight applied evaluation sheet', it is possible to expand it by judging the importance with the decision of the priority because the item importance decided by experts was reflected. Moreover, in the condition of new garden establishment, it is expected to be helpful in suggesting ways for performance improvement and in setting the guidelines by understanding the major indicators of performance improvement in horticultural therapy activity.

본 연구는 치료적 목적의 달성을 위해 훈련받은 치료사(Horticultural Therapist)가 실시하는 원예활동에 대상자가 참여하는 치료(Therapy)의 공간으로서 '원예치료정원의 성능개선을 위한 평가지표 개발'에 관한 연구로서 원예치료는 대상자의 치료를 위한 '의학모형'이며 원예치료정원은 대상자와 원예치료사의 활동을 기능적이고 효율적으로 지원하는 특성화된 공간임을 기본 전제로 설정하였다. 연구의 수행을 위해 의도적 표집에 의해 모집된 전문가 패널을 대상으로 3차례의 델파이(Delphi)기법과 AHP기법을 수행하였으며, 이를 통해 원예치료정원의 성능개선을 위한 평가지표를 도출하였고, 각 평가지표들을 유형화, 계층화하여 평가항목의 우선순위를 파악하였다. 본 연구를 통한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 원예치료 관련 업무를 수행하는 공무원과 원예치료사를 대상으로 본 연구의 타당성을 확보하기 위한 전문가 설문을 실시하였으며, 분석결과 관련 공무원 75.2%, 원예치료사 87.8%로 두 직군 모두 원예치료정원에 대한 인식이 높았으며 원예치료를 실시함에 있어서 치료정원의 활용이 필요하다는 의견에 동의하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 원예치료정원 성능평가를 위한 가중치가 적용된 평가지표 개발을 위해 총 3회에 걸쳐 델파이 조사를 실시하였다. 이후 두차례에 걸친 델파이 조사를 통해 타당도 및 신뢰도 분석 결과, 총 34개의 원예치료정원 성능개선을 위한 평가요소가 도출되었다. 셋째, 가중치가 적용된 원예치료정원의 성능개선을 위한 평가지표 개발을 위해 계층분석기법을 적용, 각 지표별 상대적 중요도 및 가중치를 분석한 결과 상위요인에서는 '자연과 인간의 상호작용'이 가장 중요한 요인으로 나타났으며, 다음으로는 '프로그램의 계획과 활용', '사회적 상호작용', '지속가능한 환경', '보편적 디자인'의 순으로 나타났다. 넷째, 전문가를 대상으로 원예치료정원 성능평가를 위한 가중치가 적용된 평가지표 개발을 위하여 종합가중치를 활용하였다. 평가지표의 가중치 적용은 평가점수에 AHP를 이용한 종합가중치를 곱하여 산출하는 것이 일반적이며 이러한 과정을 통해 평가지표들 간의 상대적인 우선순위를 토대로 가중치와 변환점수를 분석하여, '원예치료정원의 성능개선을 위한 평가지표 및 평가점수표'를 최종 작성하였다. 가중치가 적용된 평가표를 활용하여 기존에 조성된 원예치료정원의 효율성 증대를 위한 개선점을 도출할 경우, 전문가의 의견에 따른 항목별 중요도가 반영되어 있으므로 사항별 중요도를 판단하여 우선순위를 선정하여 개선할 수 있으며, 원예치료정원의 신규 조성 시에도 계획단계에서 원예치료 활동의 효율성 증대를 위한 방안으로 주요 지표를 미리 파악함으로서 가이드라인이 설정이나 기타 효율성 증대를 위한 방안을 제안하는데 도움이 될 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

Table 1. Period and Method of Collecting Questionaries for Delphi and AHP Surveys

HJOHBR_2018_v36n4_113_t0001.png 이미지

Table 2. General Features of Expert Groups for Delphi Survey

HJOHBR_2018_v36n4_113_t0002.png 이미지

Table 3. Theory and Basis of Evaluation Indices for Performance Evaluation of Horticultural Therapy Garden

HJOHBR_2018_v36n4_113_t0003.png 이미지

Table 4. Reliability Analysis of the Results from the 2nd Delphi Survey

HJOHBR_2018_v36n4_113_t0004.png 이미지

Table 5 Results of the 3rd Delphi Analysis

HJOHBR_2018_v36n4_113_t0005.png 이미지

Table 6. Composite Weighted Scores of Evaluation Factors for Each Professional Area

HJOHBR_2018_v36n4_113_t0006.png 이미지

Table 7. Weighted Evaluation Indicators

HJOHBR_2018_v36n4_113_t0007.png 이미지

References

  1. Cooper, M. C. and Naomi, A. S.(2014). Therapeutic Landscape: An Evidence-Based Approach to Designing Healing Gardens and Restorative Outdoor Spaces. John Wiley & Sons, Inc,, CANADA.
  2. Warner, S. B. Jr.(1995). Restorative Gardens: Recovering Some Human Wisdom for Modern Design(unpublished manu-script).
  3. Davis, S.(1997). Development of the profession of horticultural therapy. Haworth Press, NY, USA.
  4. Stoneham, J. and T. Peter.(1994). Landscape design and disabled people. Garden Art Press, London, UK.
  5. Simson, S. P. and M. C. Straus.(1998). Horticulture as Therapy: principles and practice. CRC Press, NY, USA.
  6. Scholz, S.(2012). Chilgok internation horticultural therapy conference. Chilgok ATS Center, Chilgokgun, Korea.
  7. Kwack, B. H.(1984). Newly developing field of horticulture and horticultural science. J. Kor. Soc. Hort. Sci. 2(1):4-8.
  8. Ahn, J. J.(2013). Universal design evaluation of horticultural therapy garden through the analytic hierarchy process analysis. Master's Thesis Korea Univ. Seoul, Korea.
  9. An, J. S.(2011). The Evaluation Criteria of Preservation Condition for the Historic Garden through Delphi Technique & Analytic Hierarchy Process. Doctoral thesis of Sungkyunkwan University.
  10. Saaty, T. L.(1982). The Analytic Hierarchy Process Architecture Science Review. 25(-): 64-69. https://doi.org/10.1080/00038628.1982.9696499
  11. Kaplan, R. and S. Kaplan.(1989). Experience of Nature: A Psychological Perspective. New York: Cambridge University Press.
  12. Heerwagen, J. H. and B. Gregory.(2008). "Biophilia and Sensory Aesthetics." pp. 227-241 in Biophilic Design, edited by S. Kellert, J. Heerwagen, and J. Mador. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons.
  13. Lewis, C. A.(1996). Green nature/human nature: the meaning of plants in our lives. University of Illinois Press, IL, USA.
  14. Relf, P. D.(1981). The use of horticultural in vocational rehabilitation. Journal of Rehab. 47(-): 53-56.