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기후변화에 의한 참매미 번식울음 시기 변화 연구

Temporal Changes of Hyalessa fuscata Songs by Climate Change

  • 김윤재 (상지대학교 대학원 응용식물과학과 원예조경학전공) ;
  • 기경석 (상지대학교 친환경식물학부 원예조경학전공)
  • Kim, Yoon-Jae (Dept. of Applied Plant Science, Graduate School of Sangji Univ.) ;
  • Ki, Kyong-Seok (Dept. of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Sangji Univ.)
  • 투고 : 2018.01.10
  • 심사 : 2018.04.27
  • 발행 : 2018.04.30

초록

본 연구는 생물계절학적 측면에서 기후변화에 의해 참매미 번식울음이 영향을 받는지 규명하는데 목적이 있다. 연구대상지는 기상청의 생물계절 관측이 이루어지는 도시 중 한반도 중부지방인 서울시를 선정했다. 장기간 생물계절분석은 기상청 자료를 활용하였다. 연구 결과, 첫째, 매미의 생물계절 모니터링은 기후변화에 의한 생태계 변화를 감지할 수 있는 효과적인 지표임을 확인하였다. 본 연구를 통해서 기후변화에 의한 생태계 변화 연구를 위해서는 향후 장기적인 매미과 생물계절 조사가 필요할 것으로 판단되었다. 둘째, 참매미의 생물계절 변화 분석 결과, 초성일은 점점 빨라지는 경향을 나타내었다. 참매미 생물계절 데이터와 평균기온 간의 상관분석 결과에서는 6월의 평균기온과 매미의 초성시기가 유의미한 음의 상관관계를 가지고 있음을 확인하였다. 또한 10월의 강우량과 참매미의 번식울음종료 시기 및 총 울음기간이 유의미한 음의 상관관계를 보였다. 셋째, 서울 참매미 번식울음 시작 시기와 기상요인 간 회귀분석 결과, 6월을 포함한 봄철(3~6월) 평균 기온이 증가할수록 참매미의 시작일이 빨라지는 것으로 나타났고, 시작일 증가율은 약 3.0~4.5일/$1^{\circ}C$이었다. 넷째, 서울 참매미의 번식울음 종료 시기와 총 울음기간과 기상요인 간 회귀분석 결과, 10월 평균 강우량이 증가하면 참매미 종료일이 빨라지고 총 울음기간이 줄어드는 결과가 나타났다. 종성일 감소율은 -0.78일/1mm이었으며 울음기간 감소율은 -0.8일/1mm이었다. 본 연구는 참매미를 대상으로 기후변화에 의한 생물계절 변화를 밝힌 초기 연구로 의의가 있다.

The present study aimed to identify the influence of climate change on mating songs of Cicadidae in a phenological perspective. The research sites were located in the central part of the Korean peninsula in which phenological observations by the Meteorological Office are made. The material provided by the Meteorological Office was used for long term phenological analysis. The findings demonstrated, First, the phenological monitoring of cicada is an effective index to detect ecological changes due to climate change, thus indicating the importance of long term phenological investigations for future studies. Second, the analysis on the phenological changes of H. fuscata presented a trend in which the first songs were made at increasingly earlier and later dates, respectively. The phenological data on H. fuscata and average temperatures exhibited a significant negative correlation between the initial mating song period and the average temperatures of June. Furthermore, there was also a significant negative correlation for precipitation in October with the end time and total duration of H. fuscata song. Third, in the regression analysis of the start of H. fuscata song and meteorological factors in Seoul, increasing average air temperature in spring (March to June), which includes June, was associated with an earlier start time of H. fuscata song, with calling starting approximately 3.0-4.5 days earlier per $1^{\circ}C$ increase. Fourth, in the regression analysis of the end of H. fuscata song and meteorological factors in Seoul, increased mean precipitation in October was associated with an early end time and an overall reduction in the length of the song period. The end time of song decreased by approximately 0.78 days per 1mm increase in precipitation, and the total length of the song period decreased by 0.8 days/1mm. This research is important, as it is the initial research to identify the phenological changes in H. fuscata due to climate change.

키워드

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