지질공학 (The Journal of Engineering Geology)

  • 제28권4호
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  • Pages.715-726
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  • 2018
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  • 1226-5268(pISSN)
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  • 2287-7169(eISSN)
대한지질공학회 (The Korean Society of Engineering Geology)
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FDR 센서를 활용한 제체 누수특성의 실내 모형 실험 연구

Physical Model Experiment on the Seepage Characteristics through a Dam by using FDR Sensor

  • 투고 : 2018.11.30
  • 심사 : 2018.12.20
  • 발행 : 2018.12.31
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초록

제체의 누수를 탐지하는 방법으로서 물리탐사, 온도 계측, 광섬유 등 다양한 방법이 개발되어 왔다. 본 연구에서는 FDR 센서의 유전율상수를 이용한 누수 탐지의 가능성을 파악하기 위하여 취약부와 미취약부로 구성된 물리모형을 제작하였으며 유전율상수, 온도 및 간극수압 센서를 설치하였다. 누수가 형성됨에 따라 유전율상수는 미취약부보다 취약부에서 빠르게 변화되었다. 또한, 취약부에서 간극수압, 온도 및 유전율 상수를 비교하면 유전율 상수의 반응이 가장 빠르고 하류 계측 지점에서도 쉽게 인지되는 특성을 보였다. 이와 같은 특성을 고려할 때, 제체 하류 구간에서 분포형으로 유전율을 측정한다면 누수 탐지에 빠르고 효율적으로 대처할 수 있을 것으로 파악되었다.

Various methods, such as geophysical exploration, temperature measurement, and fiber optics, have been developed for detecting the seepage at a dam. In this study, in order to investigate the possibility of leakage detection using dielectric constant of FDR sensor, a physical model consisting of weak and no-weak zones is fabricated and the sensors for dielectric constant, temperature and pore water pressure measurements are installed. As a leakage happens, the dielectric constant changes more rapidly through a weak zone than no-weak zone. In addition, comparing three factors (dielectric constant, temperature, and pore water pressure), the response of dielectric constant to seepage is fast and it is easily recognized even at the end measurement point. Considering these features, it is concluded that it could be possible to cope with the leakage detection quickly and efficiently if the dielectric constant is measured at the downstream slope of a dam.

키워드

JJGHBG_2018_v28n4_715_f0001.png 이미지

Fig. 1. Composition of unsaturated soil and changing pattern of dielectric constant.

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Fig. 2. Construction of a physical dam model.

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Fig. 3. Design of sensor allocation and weak zone in a physical dam model.

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Fig. 4. Dielectric constant measurement results (water leakage is observed at the end point of weak zone).

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Fig. 5. Seepage line estimated by dielectric constant along the no-weak and weak zones.

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Fig. 6. Changes in pore water pressure and seepage lines estimated by the pore water pressure along the weak zone.

JJGHBG_2018_v28n4_715_f0007.png 이미지

Fig. 7. Changes in temperature along the weak and no-weak zones (water leakage is observed at the end point of weak zone).

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Fig. 8. Comparison of dielectric constant and (a) pore water pressure / (b) temperature along the weak zone.

JJGHBG_2018_v28n4_715_f0009.png 이미지

Fig. 9. Comparison of dielectric constants at the lowest (weak zone-MS4, no weak zone-MS5) and the middle (weak zone-MS3, no weak zone-MS1) routes.

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