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The Effect of Physical Health Status and Social Support on Depression and Quality of Life among the Elderly in G City

거제시 노인의 신체적 건강상태와 사회적 지지가 우울과 삶의 질에 미치는 영향

  • Kim, Min-Ja (Geoje City Public Health Center) ;
  • Oh, Mi-Jung (Department of Nursing Science, Y'sU(Youngsan University)) ;
  • Lim, Jung-Hye (Department of Nursing, Changwon Moonsung University) ;
  • Chang, Koung-Oh (Department of Nursing Science, Y'sU(Youngsan University))
  • 김민자 (거제시보건소) ;
  • 오미정 (와이즈유(영산대학교) 간호학과) ;
  • 임정혜 (창원문성대학교 간호학과) ;
  • 장경오 (와이즈유(영산대학교) 간호학과)
  • Received : 2018.08.31
  • Accepted : 2018.12.07
  • Published : 2018.12.31

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of physical health status and social support on depression and quality of life among the elderly in G City. This is a descriptive research study of 497 elderly residents in 45 senior citizen centers in G city; the data were collected from March 5 to 30, 2018. Data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS/win 24.0 program by t-test, ANOVA and multiple regression analysis. In physical health status, the chronic disease score was $1.35{\pm}0.91$, the functional status score was $1.80{\pm}4.45$, and the subjective health score was $3.14{\pm}1.13$. The average score for social support in the emotional network was $5.71{\pm}1.13$. In the sub-region of the social network, the score for frequency of contact with relatives was $2.92{\pm}1.31$, that for contact with friends was $3.18{\pm}0.98$, and that for social participation was $0.68{\pm}0.82$. In the multiple regression analysis of factors affecting depression and quality of life, the explanatory power of physical health status and quality of life was 45.5% and 21.1%, respectively. The explanatory power of depression based on social support and quality of life was 46.7% and 27.5%, respectively. This study indicates that physical health status and social support affect depression and quality of life. Therefore, programs should be developed to increase the physical health status and social support and thus improve the quality of life of the elderly in the community.

본 연구는 거제시 노인을 대상으로 신체적 건강상태, 사회적 지지가 우울과 삶의 질에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위한 목적으로 시도되었다. 연구방법은 G시 45곳의 경로당을 이용하는 재가노인 497명을 대상으로 한 서술적 조사연구로, 2018년 3월 5일부터 2018년 3월 30일까지 자료를 수집하였다. 연구 통계방법은 IBM SPSS/win 24.0 프로그램을 t-test, ANOVA 그리고 다중회귀분석을 이용하였다. 그 결과, 신체적 건강상태는 평균점수가 만성질환 개수가 $1.35{\pm}0.91$점, 기능상태 $1.80{\pm}4.45$점 그리고 주관적 건강감은 $3.14{\pm}1.13$점 이었으며, 사회적 지지에서 정서적 네트워크는 평균점수가 $5.71{\pm}1.13$점, 사회적 네트워크의 하부영역에서 평균점수가 친척 연락빈도는 $2.92{\pm}1.31$점, 친구 연락빈도 $3.18{\pm}0.98$점 그리고 사회적 참여는 $0.68{\pm}0.82$점으로 나타났다. 연구대상자의 신체적 건강상태와 사회적 지지가 우울과 삶의 질에 미치는 영향요인을 다중회귀분석 한 결과, 신체적 건강상태에 대한 우울 설명력은 45.5%, 삶의 질 설명력은 21.1%이었으며, 사회적 지지에 대한 우울의 설명력은 46.7%, 삶의 질의 설명력은 27.5%로 나타났다. 이상의 본 연구 결과를 토대로 신체적 건강상태, 사회적 지지가 우울, 삶의 질에 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있었다. 그러므로 지역사회 재가노인의 신체적 건강상태와 사회적 지지를 증가시키고, 삶의 질을 향상시킬 수 있는 다양한 프로그램 개발이 필요하다.

Keywords

Table 1. General Characteristics of Subjects

SHGSCZ_2018_v19n12_246_t0001.png 이미지

Table 2. Subject's Physical health status, Social support

SHGSCZ_2018_v19n12_246_t0002.png 이미지

Table 3. Subjects's Depression, Quality of life

SHGSCZ_2018_v19n12_246_t0003.png 이미지

Table 4. Difference of Depression and Quality of life by general characteristics

SHGSCZ_2018_v19n12_246_t0004.png 이미지

Table 5. Influencing Factors on Depression and Quality of life of Physical health status

SHGSCZ_2018_v19n12_246_t0005.png 이미지

Table 6. Influencing Factors on Depression and Quality of life of Social support

SHGSCZ_2018_v19n12_246_t0006.png 이미지

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