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Changes in Temperature and Humidity in the Forest Caused by Development

도로에 의한 산림 내 온습도 변화

  • Choi, Jaeyong (Department of Environment & Forest Resources, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Park, Myung-Soo (Department of Environment & Forest Resources, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Su-Kyung (Department of Environment & Forest Resources, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Yu, Seung-Hyeon (Department of Environment & Forest Resources, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Choi, Won-Tae (Department of Environment & Forest Resources, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Song, Wonkyong (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Dankook University) ;
  • Kim, Whee-Moon (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Dankook University) ;
  • Kim, Seoung-Yeal (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Dankook University) ;
  • Lee, Ji-Young (Institute of Agricultural Science, Chungnam National University)
  • 최재용 (충남대학교 산림환경자원학과) ;
  • 박명수 (충남대학교 산림환경자원학과) ;
  • 김수경 (충남대학교 산림환경자원학과) ;
  • 유승현 (충남대학교 산림환경자원학과) ;
  • 최원태 (충남대학교 산림환경자원학과) ;
  • 송원경 (단국대학교 녹지조경학과) ;
  • 김휘문 (단국대학교 녹지조경학과) ;
  • 김성열 (단국대학교 녹지조경학과) ;
  • 이지영 (충남대학교 농업과학연구소)
  • Received : 2018.09.27
  • Accepted : 2018.12.07
  • Published : 2018.12.31

Abstract

As the depletion of forests became more widespread due to the increase in the number of roads, the research was conducted on the relationship between temperature and humidity in the forests, assuming that the forests around the roads were affected. Through the forest monitoring, the temperature and humidity of coniferous forests and broadleaf forests in Sedong and Gongju areas were observed at three point of 10m, 20m and 30m from the road boundary to the inside of the forest, respectively. In Yeongdong area, for more reliable results, it was observed from the point of 0m, 10m, and 20m. During the study period, so it was expected the change in tree growth was small, the change of temperature and humidity inside the forest by the road was compared with the temperature and humidity from the road to the inside of the forest from September 2017 to January 2018, the changes of temperature and humidity inside the forest due to linear development such as roads were quantitatively analyzed. Using the HOBO data logger (MX2301, Onset Corp.), the temperature and humidity changes of each site were measured, and the average of the changes have been analyzed monthly. In the case of Gongju coniferous forests in September 2017, the average weekly temperature is $0.57^{\circ}C$ higher than the forest outside from the forest boundary and $1.23^{\circ}C$ higher than the inside of the forest, at night in November 2017, in Sedong broadleaf forests. That is, the ability to control the temperature and humidity of the forests along the road was larger and less variable as the distance from the road boundary to the inside of the forest increased. In this study, it is considered that the high degree of change in temperature and humidity of the forest and the surrounding area due to artificial linear development such as roads will affect the growth of trees. This results could serve as a basis for studying the quantitative scope of linear development affecting forest growth and for managing forest change caused by linear development.

도로 증가로 산림파편화 현상이 심화됨에 따라 도로 주변의 산림이 영향을 받았을 것이란 가정 하에 도로 거리에 따른 산림 내 온 습도 관계에 대해 연구를 진행하였다. 산림 모니터링을 통해 세동, 공주 지역의 침엽수림과 활엽수림에 대해 온 습도를 도로경계에서 산림내부까지 각각 10m, 20m, 30m 총 3개의 지점으로 관찰하였고, 영동 지역은 도로 내부 구조물로 인해 0m, 10m, 20m 3개 지점으로 달리 관찰하였다. 연구기간동안 수목 생장의 변화량이 적다고 판단되어, 도로에 의한 산림 내부의 온습도 변화를 2017년도 9월부터 2018년도 1월까지 각 지역 및 성상별로 도로로부터 산림내부까지 일정간격을 기준으로 온 습도를 교차, 비교하여 도로 등 선형개발로 인한 산림내부의 온 습도 변화를 정량적으로 분석하였다. 특히, 주 야간에 따라 소형기상기록장치(HOBO data logger, MX2301, Onset Corp.)를 이용해 각 지점 마다의 온 습도 변화량을 측정하였으며 월별로 평균을 구하여 각 지점 간의 특성을 분석하였다. 2017년 9월 공주 침엽수림의 경우, 평균 주간 온도가 산림경계에서 $26.05^{\circ}C$$25.48^{\circ}C$인 산림외부보다 $0.57^{\circ}C$ 높고 $24.82^{\circ}C$인 산림내부보다 $1.23^{\circ}C$ 높아 산림내부로 들어갈수록 온도가 내려갔다. 야간에는 2017년 11월 세동 활엽수림에서 산림경계가 $0.04^{\circ}C$, 산림외부는 $0.35^{\circ}C$, 산림내부는 $0.64^{\circ}C$로 산림 외부에서 산림 내부로 들어갈수록 더 높은 온도를 띄는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 즉, 도로에 따른 산림의 온 습도 조절 능력은 도로경계에서 산림 내부로 거리가 멀어질수록 크고 변동성이 적었으며 산림 내부 성상에서는 침엽수에서 온 습도 조절 능력이 더 큼이 확인되었다. 본 연구를 통해 도로 등 인위적 선형개발에 따른 산림 및 주변 지역의 온 습도의 높은 변화량을 야기해, 수목 생장에 영향이 있을 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구는 산림 생장의 영향을 미치는 선형개발의 정량적 범위를 파악하기 위한 연구 및 선형 개발 시 야기되는 산림 변화의 관리를 위한 토대가 될 것이다.

Keywords

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Figure 1. Destination area and data logger installation area Site A Chungbuk Yeongdong, Site B Chungnam Gongju, Site C Daejeon Sedong

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Figure 2. Average maximum temperature in Site A Yeongdong, Site B Gongju, Site C Sedong

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Figure 3. Average minimum temperature in Site A Yeongdong, Site B Gongju, Site C Sedong

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Figure 4. Average temperature variability in Site A Yeongdong, Site B Gongju, Site C Sedong

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Figure 5. Average humidity variability in Site A Yeongdong, Site B Gongju, Site C Sedong

Table 1. Location of data logger installation area in sites

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