Fig. 1. Status of groundwater quality by the Piper diagram.
Fig. 2. FE-SEM images of the A type and C type bamboo charcoal particles.
Fig. 3. The U removal efficiencies of bamboo charcoals at different initial U concentration in water (Error bars represent the standard deviation from triple measurements.).
Fig. 4. The U removal efficiencies of bamboo charcoals with different conditions ((a) and (c) for A type; (b) and (d) for C type)(Error bars represent the standard deviation from triple measurements.).
Fig. 5. The U removal efficiency for the genuine groundwater with 0.14 mg/L of initial U concentration(Error bars represent the standard deviation from triple measurements.).
Fig. 6. Two adsorption isotherm curves fitting for the U adsorption of bamboo charcoals.
Fig. 7. The plots of separation factor (RL) and surface coverage (θ ) for the U adsorption by bamboo charcoals vs. initial U concentration in water.
Table 1. Properties of groundwater used in the experiment
Table 2. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm parameters for the U adsorption on bamboo charcoal
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