Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology (한국응용과학기술학회지)

The Korean Society of Applied Science and Technology (한국응용과학기술학회)
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The Review of Metabolic Acidosis During Exercise

운동 시 대사적 산성화에 관한 고찰

  • Received : 2018.11.29
  • Accepted : 2018.12.22
  • Published : 2018.12.31
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Abstract

The development of acidosis during intense exercise has traditionally been explained by the increased production of lactic acid which causes the release of a proton and the formation of the acid salt sodium lactate. Through this explanation, when the rate of lactate production is high enough to exceed cellular proton buffering capacity, cellular pH is decreased. This biochemical process has been termed lactic acidosis. This belief has been an interpretation that lactate production causes acidosis and fatigue during intense exercise. However, this review provides clear evidence that there is no biochemical support for lactate production causing acidosis and fatigue. Metabolic acidosis is caused by an increased reliance on nonmitochondrial ATP turnover. Lactate production is essential for muscle to produce cytosolic $NAD^+$ to support continued ATP regeneration from glycolysis. In addition, Lactate production consumes protons. Although lactate accumulation can be a good indirect indicator for decreased cellular and blood pH, that is not direct causing acidosis.

고강도 운동 시 산성화의 과정은 수소이온의 방출과 젖산 나트륨염을 형성하는 젖산의 생산 증가에 따른 것이라 설명되어져 왔다. 이 설명에 의하면, 젖산의 생산 비율이 세포내의 수소이온 완충능력을 초과하였을 때 세포의 수소이온 농도는 증가한다고 한다. 이러한 생화학적 과정을 젖산의 산성화라 한다. 이 이론에 따라 고강도 운동 시 젖산의 생산이 대사적 산성화와 피로의 원인이 되는 것으로 해석되어져 왔다. 그러나, 본 고찰에서는 젖산의 생산이 산성화와 피로의 원인이라는 어떠한 생화학적 근거가 없음을 명확히 제시하고 있다. 오히려 젖산의 생산은 해당과정에서 필요한 $NAD^+$의 지속적인 공급을 위해 필수적이며 수소이온을 소비하는 대사과정이다. 젖산의 축적은 세포와 혈중의 수소이온 농도의 증가를 알려주는 좋은 지표가 될 수는 있지만 그것이 산성화의 직접적인 원인은 아니다.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Chemical structure of lactic acid.

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Fig. 2. The reaction of creatine kinase.

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Fig. 3. Hexokinase reaction.

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Fig. 4. Phosphofructokinase reaction.

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Fig. 5. Glyceraldehydes 3-phosphate dehydrogenase reaction.

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Fig. 6. Phosphoglycerate kinase reaction.

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Fig. 7. Lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) reaction.

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Fig. 8. ATPase reaction.

Table 1. The properties of lactic acid

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Table 2. The reactions of glycolysis

HGOHBI_2018_v35n4_1433_t0002.png 이미지

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