Clean Technology (청정기술)

The Korean Society of Clean Technology (한국청정기술학회)
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Feasibility of Combined Heat and Power Plant based on Fuel Cells using Biogas from Macroalgal Biomass

거대조류 바이오매스로부터 생산된 바이오가스를 사용하는 연료전지 기반 열병합발전의 타당성 검토

  • Liu, Jay (Department of Chemical Engineering, Pukyong National University)
  • 유준 (부경대학교 화학공학과)
  • Received : 2018.10.01
  • Accepted : 2018.10.23
  • Published : 2018.12.31
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Abstract

Studies on the production of biogas from third generation biomass, such as micro- and macroalgae, have been conducted through experiments of various scales. In this paper, we investigated the feasibility of commercialization of integrated combined heat and power (CHP) production using biogas derived from macroalgae, i.e., seaweed biomass. For this purpose, an integrated CHP plant of industrial scale, consisting of solid oxide fuel cells, gas turbine and organic Rankine cycle, was designed and simulated using a commercial process simulator. The cost of each equipment in the plant was estimated through the calculated heat and mass balances from simulation and then the techno-economic analysis was performed. The designed integrated CHP process produces 68.4 MW of power using $36ton\;h^{-1}$ of biogas from $62.5ton\;h^{-1}$ (dry basis) of brown algae. Based on these results, various scenarios were evaluated economically and the levelized electricity cost (LEC) was calculated. When the lifetime of SOFC is 5 years and its stack price is $$225kW^{-1}$, the LEC was 12.26 ¢ $kWh^{-1}$, which is comparable to the conventional fixed power generation.

미세조류 및 거대조류 등 3세대 바이오매스로부터 바이오가스를 생산하는 연구는 다양한 규모의 실험을 통해 수행된 바 있다. 이 논문에서는 3세대 바이오매스 중 거대조류, 즉 해조류 바이오매스로부터 유래된 바이오가스를 이용하는 복합 열병합 발전의 상용화 가능성을 살펴보았다. 이를 위해 고체산화물 연료전지와 가스터빈, 그리고 유기랭킨사이클로 이루어진 산업 스케일의 통합 열병합발전을 상용 공정모사기를 이용하여 설계, 모사하였고, 계산된 열 및 물질수지를 통해 장치의 가격을 추정하고 경제성을 분석하였다. 모사 결과 설계된 열병합발전 공정은 시간당 62.5톤의 건조 갈조류 원료로부터 생산된 36톤의 바이오가스를 이용하여 68.4 MW의 전력을 생산한다. 이 결과를 토대로 다양한 시나리오에 대해 경제적으로 평가하고 균둥화 발전비용(levelized electricity cost, LEC)을 계산하였는데, SOFC의 수명이 5년, 스택 가격이 $$225kW^{-1}$일 때 LEC는 12.26 ¢ $kWh^{-1}$로 기존의 고정 발전과 동등한 수준으로 나타났다.

Keywords

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Figure 1. Process flow diagram of the proposed CHP process.

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Figure 2. Total installed cost breakdown for the SOFC-GT-ORC system.

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Figure 3. Cost contribution details from each process area to the levelized electricity cost for scenario III.

Table 1. Economic parameters for discounted cash flow analysis

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Table 2. Biogas composition used in simulation

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Table 3. Main simulation results

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Table 4. Process electricity distribution

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Table 5. LEC for each scenario

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Table 6. Biogas-powered Turbo-generator vs. SOFCs-GT-ORC (scenario II)

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Table 7. Plant cost worksheet (in 2016 dollar value)

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