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Genome Size Estimation of the Two Wing Morphs of Vollenhovia emeryi (Hymenoptera: Myrmicinae)

에메리개미 (Vollenhovia emeryi Wheeler)의 날개이형체의 유전체 크기 추정

  • 노푸름 (이화여자대학교 에코과학부) ;
  • 박소연 (이화여자대학교 에코과학부) ;
  • 최재천 (이화여자대학교 에코과학부) ;
  • 정길상 (국립생태원)
  • Received : 2018.09.12
  • Accepted : 2018.11.08
  • Published : 2018.12.01

Abstract

In Vollenhovia emeryi (Hymenoptera: Myrmicinae), the queen and the male are known to be clonally reproduced. Its colonies can be classified into the two morphs with the wing length of the queen caste. The morph with normal wings is called the long-winged and the other the short-winged that is brachypterous. Even though the two morphs are considered a species, investigation on the species status of the two morphs was suggested with natural separation in nature and the distinctive wing morphology. It has yet to be determined whether the clonally reproduced queen caste is haploid or diploid. Our data clearly show that the two morphs are the same species and the queen caste is diploid on the basis of the genome size data comparison.

에메리개미는 여왕개미와 수개미가 유전적으로 복제되어 번식한다고 알려져 있으며, 여왕개미의 날개형태가 장시형과 단시형으로 나타난다. 장시형은 정상적인 날개형태이고, 이보다 짧은 날개형태는 단시형이라고 한다. 장시형과 단시형 모두 한 종으로 취급되지만, 두 가지 점에서 종지위에 대한 조사가 필요하다. 첫째, 자연 상태에서는 두 날개형이 함께 발견되지 않고, 둘째, 날개형이 육안으로 뚜렷하게 구분된다. 또한 복제되어 번식한 여왕개미가 단수체인지 배수체인지 조사가 필요하다. 따라서 우리는 본 연구에서 에메리개미 유전체 크기를 추정하여 두 날개형은 동종이며, 여왕개미는 배수체임을 확인하였다.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Two morphological types of V. emeryi queen: (a) long-winged morph (L-queen) and (b) short-winged morph (S-queen).

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Fig. 2. Flow cytometric analysis of V. emeryi two wing morphs. As the internal standard, D. melanogaster (D) was added in queen and worker samples, and queen (Q) with the corresponding wing morph with sampled male was added in the male samples. (A) Long-winged queen (B) Short-winged queen (C) Long-winged worker (D) Short-winged worker (E) Long-winged male (F) Short-winged male. Vertical axis: number of nuclei and horizontal axis: fluorescence intensity.

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Fig. 3. Amplification results of the Wolbachia specific PCR. The size of the PCR amplicons was examined with the 100 bp ladder.

Table 1. Sampling localities and geographical information of the V. emeryi colonies

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