Fig. 1. Object tracking process using bounding box information
Fig. 2. Reverse driving-stopping detection process using tracking bounding boxes
Fig. 3. Concept of IoL (Intersection over Line)
Fig. 4. Deep learning and tracking based incident detection processes
Fig. 5. 3 types of evaluation about tunnel incident detection system
Fig. 6. Test results of Faster R-CNN model
Fig. 7. Composition of the tunnel incident detection system
Fig. 8. Composition of deep learning based incident inference module
Fig. 9. Multitasking process of inference core module
Table 1. Object tracking success or failure with respect to video frame rate
Table 2. Composition of tunnel incident video bigdata
Table 3. Tunnel incident detection results
References
- Alex, B., Zongyuan, G., Lionel, O., Fabio, R., Ben, U. (2016), "Simple online and realtime tracking", Proceedings of the Image Processing (ICIP) 2016 IEEE International Conference, pp. 3464-3468.
- Kim, D.G., Shin, Y.W., Shin, Y.S. (2012), "Section enlargement by reinforcement of shotcrete lining on the side wall of operating road tunnel", Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association, Vol. 14, No. 6, pp. 637-652. https://doi.org/10.9711/KTAJ.2012.14.6.637
- Kim, T.B. (2016), "The national highway, expressway tunnel video incident detection system performance analysis and reflect attributes for double deck tunnel in great depth underground space", Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering, Vol. 20, No. 7, pp. 1325-1334. https://doi.org/10.6109/JKIICE.2016.20.7.1325
- Lee, J.S., Lee, S.K., Kim, D.W., Hong, S.J., Yang, S.I. (2018), "Trends on object detection techniques based on deep learning", Electronics and Telecommunications Trends, Vol. 33, No. 4, pp. 23-32. https://doi.org/10.22648/ETRI.2018.J.330403
- Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport (MOLIT) (2016), "Attempt for faultless safety system of road tunnels". Press Release.
- Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport (MOLIT) (2016), "Guideline of installation of disaster prevention facilities on road tunnels".
- Ren, S., He, K., Girshick, R., Sun, J. (2015), "Faster R-CNN: Towards real-time object detection with region proposal networks." Proceedings of the Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, pp. 91-99.
- Roh, C.G., Park, B.J., Kim, J.S. (2016), "A study on the contents for operation of tunnel management systems using a view synthesis technology", The Journal of the Korea Contents Association, Vol. 16, No. 6, pp. 507-515. https://doi.org/10.5392/JKCA.2016.16.06.507
- Shin, H.S., Kim, D.K., Yim, M.J., Lee, K.B., Oh, Y.S. (2017), "A preliminary study for development of an automatic incident detection system on CCTV in tunnels based on a machine learning algorithm", Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association, Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 95-107. https://doi.org/10.9711/KTAJ.2017.19.1.095
- Shin, H.S., Lee, K.B., Yim, M.J., Kim, D.K. (2017), "Development of a deep-learning based tunnel incident detection system on CCTVs", Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association, Vol. 19, No. 6, pp. 915-936. https://doi.org/10.9711/KTAJ.2017.19.6.915
- Yilmaz, A., Javed, O., Shah, M. (2006), "Object tracking: A survey", Acm computing surveys (CSUR), Vol. 38, No. 4, Article No. 13.
- Zhu, M. (2004), "Recall, precision and average precision", Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo 2: 30.
- Zitnick, C.L., Dollar, P. (2014), "Edge boxes: Locating object proposals from edges", European Conference on Computer Vision, pp. 391-405.