Figure 1. Sieve analysis of coarse and fine aggregates.
Figure 2. Heating regimes.
Figure 3. Split tube furnace.
Figure 4. Stress-strain curves of steel.
Figure 5. Failure modes of composite columns tested at room temperature.
Figure 6. Comparison between N-ε curves of GCFST columns with different strength levels.
Figure 7. Comparison between N-ε curves of GCFST columns with different curing regimes.
Figure 8. Comparison between N-ε curves of GCFST and conventional CFST columns.
Figure 9. Strength indexes of CFST columns.
Figure 10. Compressive stiffness of CFST columns.
Figure 11. Comparison of different ductility indexes.
Figure 12. Axial load versus axial and lateral strain curves.
Figure 13. Development of lateral-to-axial strain ratio for CFST columns.
Figure 14. Comparison between measured and predicted N-ε curves for composite columns tested at room temperature.
Figure 15. Tested specimens after exposure to elevated temperatures.
Figure 16. N-ε curves of specimens after elevated temperature exposure.
Figure 17. Comparison of different residual strength indexes.
Figure 18. Compressive stiffness of CFST columns after exposure to elevated temperatures.
Figure 19. Failed specimens under combined temperature and loading.
Figure 20. Axial deformation versus time curves of CFST columns subjected to elevated temperatures.
Table 1. Chemical composition of fly ash and CAC
Table 2. Proportions of concrete mixes
Table 3. Summary of CFST stub column specimens
Table 4. Compressive stiffness EA (kN)
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