Korean Chemical Engineering Research

The Korean Institute of Chemical Engineers (한국화학공학회)
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Study on Benzo(a)pyran Content and its Transfer Ratio in Extracts of Medicinal Herbs

한약재의 벤조피렌 함량 및 추출물에서의 이행률에 대한 연구

  • Yoon, Hye-Min (Department of Chemical Engineering, Daegu University) ;
  • Lee, Eun Ju (Department of Chemical Engineering, Daegu University) ;
  • Lim, Kwang-Hee (Department of Chemical Engineering, Daegu University)
  • Received : 2018.10.29
  • Accepted : 2018.11.13
  • Published : 2018.12.01
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Abstract

In this study, both of the concentration of benzo(a)pyrene in 5 species (total 50 samples) of medicinal herbs and their transfer ratios in the preparation steps of water extract(decoction) and soft extract, were measured by HPLC/FLD. The calibration curve of benzo(a)pyrene shows excellent correlation over the concentration range of 3~40 ng/mL with the correlation coefficient ($R^2$) of 1.000. The detected benzo(a)pyrene concentrations from the medicinal herbs ranged from non-detection to $37.54{\mu}g/kg$, and their average was $6.73{\mu}g/kg$. Among the total samples, 15 samples (i.e., 30%) exceeded the limit of herbal medicine benzo(a)pyrene criteria (i.e., $5{\mu}g/kg$) according to the notification No. 2009-302 from Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. In particular, the concentration of benzo(a)pyrene in Coptidis Rhizome was turned out to be the highest of $37.54{\mu}g/kg$. The detected benzo(a)pyrene concentrations from water extract(decoction), soft extract and remnant after boiling, ranged from non-detection to $2.31{\mu}g/kg$, non-detection to $2.28{\mu}g/kg$, and 2.18 to $21.91{\mu}g/kg$, respectively. In preparation of water extract(decoction) and soft extract, transferred benzo(a)pyrene was not detected or, if transferred, the maximal transfer ratios of benzo(a)pyrene were shown to be 8.9% and 9.8%, respectively. Therefore, the content of benzo(a)pyrene in the samples of herbal medicine used in this study, were reduced by more than 90% in preparation steps of water extract (decoction) and soft extract.

본 연구에서는 건조하기 어려운 원료한약재 5 품목(총 50 건)을 대상으로 벤조피렌 함량 및 물 추출물과 연조엑스 제조단계에서의 벤조피렌의 이행률을 HPLC/FLD로 측정하였다. 벤조피렌의 검량선은 3~40 ng/mL의 농도 범위에서 상관계수($R^2$)가 1.000으로서 우수한 상관관계를 나타내었다. 원료한약재의 벤조피렌 검출 범위는 불검출 ${\sim}37.54{\mu}g/kg$이고, 검출평균은 $6.73{\mu}g/kg$이었다. 그 중에서 식품의약품안전처의 고시(2009-302호) 기준인 $5{\mu}g/kg$ 이상 검출된 시료는 15건(30%)이었다. 특히 황련의 벤조피렌 함량은 $37.54{\mu}g/kg$으로서 가장 높았다. 물 추출물, 연조엑스 및 물 추출 후 찌꺼기에서 벤조피렌의 검출 범위는 각각 불검출${\sim}2.31{\mu}g/kg$, 불검출${\sim}2.28{\mu}g/kg$ 및 $2.18{\sim}21.91{\mu}g/kg$으로 분석되었다. 물 추출물(탕제)와 연조엑스의 제조에서 벤조피렌은 이행되지 않거나, 특히, 현삼에서 물 추출물과 연조엑스의 경우에 각각 최대 8.9%와 최대 9.8%의 이행률을 보였다. 따라서 원료한약재에 비해 물 추출물 및 연조엑스에서 벤조피렌 함량이 각각 90.0% 이상까지 감소하였다.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Method of preparing extracts for transfer ratio surveys.

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Fig. 2. Standard curve of benzo(a)pyrene for the analysis by HPLC.

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Fig. 3. Chromatograms of Benzo(a)pyrene: A. Benzo(a)pyrene standard of 5 ng/mL: B. Benzo(a)pyrene negative sample; C. Benzo (a)pyrene 50 ng/mL-spiked negative sample.

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Fig. 4. Benzo(a)pyrene concentration of 10 samples, from each which three specimen of 5 g were randomly collected, out of each species of medicinal herbs in this study.

Table 1. Medicinal herbs used in this study

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Table 2. Chemical structure and properties of Benzo(a)pyrene and 3-Methylcholanthrene

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Table 3. Results of LOD, LOQ, Linearity and Recovery by HPLC-FLD

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Table 4. Benzo(a)pyrene concentration in medicinal herbs in this study

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Table 5. Transferred amounts of benzopyrene in decoction, soft extract, remnant after boiling for the samples of the highest and 2nd highest benzo(a)pyrene concentration, in triplicates

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Table 6. Transfer ratiosa of benzopyrene in Decoction, Soft Extract, Remnant after Boiling

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