Economic and Environmental Geology (자원환경지질)

The Korean Society of Economic and Environmental Geology (대한자원환경지질학회)
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Interpretation of Material Characteristics and Making Techniques for Lime-Soil Mixture on Tomb Barrier of Pyeongtaek Gungri Site in Joseon Dynasty

평택 궁리유적 조선시대 회곽묘의 재료학적 특성 및 제작기법 해석

  • Kang, San Ha (Department of Cultural Heritage Conservation Sciences, Kongju National University) ;
  • Lee, Chan Hee (Department of Cultural Heritage Conservation Sciences, Kongju National University)
  • 강산하 (공주대학교 문화재보존과학과) ;
  • 이찬희 (공주대학교 문화재보존과학과)
  • Received : 2018.02.05
  • Accepted : 2018.02.21
  • Published : 2018.02.28
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Abstract

The lime-soil mixture on tomb barrier (LSMB) is a type of tomb in Joseon Dynasty, which made with so-called 'Sammul' (three material compound) that mixture of lime, fine sand and yellow ocher. This study divided the tombs of the Gungri Site from Joseon Dynasty with layered wall and integrated wall according to the manufacturing types, and investigated on the basis of analysis to material characteristics and making techniques. Analytical samples were classified with lime-soil mixtures and soils, and interpreted the mixing characteristics of Sammul based on types of tomb barrier. The tomb barrier which is directly effect to control the inner environment was made with high content of lime. But the finishing or bottom layer were made with low content of lime. Overall the LSMB with integrated wall has higher content of lime and physical property than the LSMB with layered wall. The soil which was compounded as a Sammul and collected near the Gungri Site had similar with mineralogical and geochemical characteristics. Therefore, it is presumed that the fine sand and yellow ocher that made as a Sammul, were used with soil that was distributed around the site. Meanwhile, large scale limestone quarry is distributed near the site. Especially, Gungri Site has a possibility of material supply through water transport, due to the sea route from Asan bay is connected near the site. Thus, there is the possibility of transportation of lime materials from nearby quarry.

회곽묘는 조선시대 묘제의 한 형태로서 석회, 모래, 황토를 혼합한 삼물을 이용하여 곽을 축조한 무덤이다. 이 연구에서는 평택 궁리유적에서 출토된 조선시대 회곽묘를 대상으로 제작방식에 따라 층벽식과 통벽식으로 구분하여 재료학적 및 제작특성을 검토하였다. 분석시료는 석회혼합물과 토양으로 분류하였으며 회곽의 제작방식에 따른 삼물의 혼합특성도 해석하였다. 회곽은 내부의 환경을 제어하는데 직접적인 영향을 주는 벽체에서 상대적으로 석회함량이 높은 삼물을 사용하였으며, 이를 마감하는 층이나 바닥에는 상대적으로 석회함량이 적은 저품질의 삼물을 사용하였다. 전체적으로 층벽식보다 통벽식 회곽에서 석회함량이 높으며 물성도 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 삼물의 혼합에 사용한 토양과 유구 주변의 토양이 광물학 및 지구화학적으로 거의 유사한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 삼물의 제조에 사용한 모래와 황토는 유구 주변에 분포하는 토양을 사용한 것으로 해석된다. 한편 궁리유적 인근에는 대규모의 석회암 산지가 다수 분포하고 있다. 또한 아산만을 통해 유입되는 바닷길이 유적 인근까지 연결되어 수운 등의 방법을 통해 인근 산지에서 석회재료가 공급되었을 가능성이 있다.

Keywords

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