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Monitoring of Formaldehyde Concentration in Exhibition Hall Using Passive Sampler

Passive Sampler를 이용한 유물 전시관내 폼알데하이드 농도 모니터링

  • Lee, Sun Myung (Cultural Heritage Conservation Science Center, National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage) ;
  • Lim, Bo A (Research Division of Restoration Technology, National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage) ;
  • Kim, Seojin (Underwater Excavation & Conservation Division, National Research Institute of Maritime Cultural Heritage)
  • 이선명 (국립문화재연구소 문화재보존과학센터) ;
  • 임보아 (국립문화재연구소 복원기술연구실) ;
  • 김서진 (국립해양문화재연구소 수중발굴과)
  • Received : 2017.07.20
  • Accepted : 2017.09.07
  • Published : 2017.10.20

Abstract

In this study, formaldehyde concentrations in two exhibition halls were monitored using a passive sampler from May 2012 to April 2013. Formaldehyde concentrations in the exhibition halls were 5 to 36 times higher than concentrations outdoors. Concentrations inside the exhibition room and showcase varied according to pollutant source, HVAC(heating, ventilation, air conditioning)system and environment management. The formaldehyde concentration levels were corrected according to a standard method prescribed by Indoor Air Quality Management Law of the Ministry of Environment, Korea. As a result, Most concentration levels exceeded the exhibition standard of the Ministry of Environment($100{\mu}g/m^3$) and artifacts conservation standard of Tokyo National Museum($50{\mu}g/m^3$). Seasonal concentrations in the exhibition room and showcase were in the order summer>fall>spring>winter. Formaldehyde emissions increased in summer when air temperature and relative humidity are both high. Formaldehyde concentration distribution according to the temperature and relative humidity showed positive correlation. Air temperature showed good correlation because $R^2$ was in the range of 0.8~0.9. Analysis of formaldehyde emission characteristics in the exhibition hall would be helpful in efforts to improve indoor air quality.

이 연구에서는 Passive sampler를 이용하여 연구대상으로 선정된 2곳의 유물 전시관 내부의 폼알데하이드 농도를 2012년 5월부터 2013년 4월까지 1년간 공간별로 모니터링 하였다. 이 결과, 유물 전시관 내부의 폼알데하이드 농도는 외기에 비해 5배~36배 이상 높은 수치를 나타냈다. 각 전시실과 진열장 내부는 오염원, 공기조화설비, 환경관리에 따라 농도 수준을 달리하였다. 유물 전시관 내 폼알데하이드 농도 수준을 주시험법에 준하여 보정한 결과, 대부분이 환경부의 실내공기질 관리법에서 고시하는 전시실 유지기준($100{\mu}g/m^3$) 뿐만 아니라 일본 국립동경박물관에서 권고하는 문화재 보존환경 기준(약 $50{\mu}g/m^3$)을 모두 초과하였다. 전시실과 진열장 내 폼알데하이드의 농도는 모두 여름>가을>봄>겨울 순으로 높았으며 온 습도가 높은 여름철에 농도 방출량이 증가하였다. 온 습도환경 변화에 따른 폼알데하이드의 농도는 모두 양의 상관관계를 나타냈다. 온도의 경우 $R^2$값이 0.8~0.9의 범위로 폼알데하이드 농도가 습도에 비해 온도에 대한 의존 경향이 큰 것을 알 수 있다. 유물 전시관 내 폼알데하이드 방출 특성 분석은 실내공기질을 개선하는데 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

Keywords

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