Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education (한국과학교육학회지)

The Korean Association for Science Education (한국과학교육학회)
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Analysis of Features of Korean Fourth Grade Students' TIMSS Science Achievement in Content Domains with Curriculum Change

교육과정 변화에 따른 우리나라 초등학교 4학년 학생들의 TIMSS 과학 내용영역별 성취 특성 분석

  • Received : 2017.07.03
  • Accepted : 2017.08.03
  • Published : 2017.08.31
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Abstract

The goal of this research is to analyze the trend of Korean fourth grade students' achievement in TIMSS 2011 and TIMSS 2015 science content domains and to suggest implications for science curriculum and teaching & learning improvement. With four elementary science teachers and three science educators, we analyzed Korean fourth grade students' percentage of correct responses in TIMSS 2015 science content and cognitive domains, and conducted item-curriculum matching analysis for test items. According to the results, Korean students performed relatively better in test topics covered in the science curriculum for 3-4 grades regardless of the science content domain (i.e., Life science, Physical science, or Earth science). Korean students showed low percentage of correct answers for items related to such topics as heat conduction, the action of electricity, the motion of the earth and the moon, etc., which were covered in the 5th-6th grades in the 2009 revised curriculum. For science cognitive domains, Korean students' achievement dropped significantly in reasoning between TIMSS 2011 and TIMSS 2015. Discussed in the conclusion are implications to reconstruct elementary school science curriculum, and ways to improve science teaching and learning.

본 연구의 목적은 TIMSS 2011과 TIMSS 2015에서 우리나라 초등학교 4학년 학생들의 성취 특성 추이변화를 분석하고 우리나라 초등과학과 교육과정 및 교수학습 개선에 주는 시사점을 도출하려는 것이다. 이를 위해 초등학교 현장교사 네 명과 과학교육을 전공한 연구자 세 명이 참여하여 TIMSS 2015의 초등학교 과학과 내용영역별 평가주제와 문항에 대해 교육과정 일치도를 분석하고, 우리나라 학생들의 성취 특성을 분석하였다. 연구결과에 따르면, 생명과학, 물상과학 그리고 지구과학의 영역을 막론하고 초등학교 3-4학년군 교육과정에서 다룬 내용일수록 정답률이 높게 나타났다. 또한 2009개정 교육과정에서 초등학교 5-6학년군에서 다루는 열전달, 전기의 작용, 지구와 달의 운동 등과 관련된 문항에서는 정답률이 상대적으로 낮게 나타났다. 과학 인지영역별로는 TIMSS 2015에서 우리나라 초4 학생들은 TIMSS 2011에 비해 추론하기 영역의 점수가 많이 하락한 것으로 나타났다. 연구결과를 토대로 우리나라 초등 과학과 교육과정 구성을 위한 시사점과 교수학습 방법 개선 방안을 제안하였다.

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References

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