Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship (벤처창업연구)

The Korean Society of Business Venturing (한국벤처창업학회)
권호 표지

A Study on the Effect of Ethical Management on Organizational Transparency and Performance in Long-Term Care Institutes: With a Focus on the Mediation Effect of Organizational Culture

노인장기요양기관의 윤리경영이 조직투명성 및 경영성과에 미치는 영향 연구: 조직문화의 매개효과를 중심으로

  • Nam, Hee Soo (Dept. of Social Welfare, WORLD CYBER COLLEGE)
  • 남희수 (세계사이버대학 사회복지학과)
  • Received : 2017.05.13
  • Accepted : 2017.08.25
  • Published : 2017.08.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to define the relationship between ethical management, organizational culture, and management performance in long-term care institutes for the elderly while identifying the level of ethical management, organizational culture, and management performance of caregivers and the impact and mediation of the relationships between them based on the hypothesis. The results show that caregivers in the Gyeonggi region scored 2.929 out of 5 in ethical management, 3.393 in organizational culture, 2.925 in organizational transparency and 3.185 in management performance. The levels of ethical management, organizational culture and management performance in caregivers are lower than those of welfare workers, social workers, and nursing assistants. This is due to their relatively low level of education, wages and working environment. This study determined that there is a significant relationship between variables in terms of correlation between ethical management, management performance, organization transparency, and organizational culture. Second, the authors adopted hypotheses that ethical management has a statistical effect on organizational transparency, management performance, and organization culture. Third, the authors concluded that organizational culture has a direct impact on organization transparency and there is a significant mediation effect between ethical management, organizational transparency, and management performance. Based on these results, we propose the following: First, ethical leadership at the core of ethical management. Second, awareness in organizational transparency. Third, balanced management performance. Fourth, a flexible organizational culture that can respond to ethical management environment must be established.

본 연구자는 연구결과를 근간으로 노인장기요양기관의 윤리경영, 조직문화, 조직투명성, 경영성과의 관계를 규명하되, 요양보호사의 윤리경영, 조직문화, 조직투명성, 경영성과의 수준은 어느 정도인지를 검증하고, 연구가설을 설정하여 윤리경영이 조직투명성, 경영성과에 어떠한 영향력을 미치는지, 또한 이들 간의 관계가 조직문화에 매개하는지 검증하였다. 검증결과, 경기지역 요양보호사의 윤리경영 수준은 5점 척도 기준에서 평균 2.929점, 조직문화 수준의 경우, 평균 3.393점이고 수준이었다. 조직투명성 수준은 평균이 2.925점, 경영성과 수준은 3.185점으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서 요양보호사의 윤리경영, 조직문화, 조직투명성, 경영성과의 수준이 유사기관의 생활복지사, 사회복지사, 간호조무사의 수준과 비교했을 때 낮은 수준이었는데, 이러한 결과는 요양보호사들의 학력, 급여, 근무환경 등이 일반 사회복지조직 종사자의 수준보다 낮는 결과의 산물이다. 본 연구의 주요 변수인 윤리경영, 경영성과, 조직투명성, 조직문화간의 상관관계에서 변수 간의 유의미한 관계성이 있는 것으로 파악되었다. 둘째, 본 연구가설 검증결과 윤리경영이 조직투명성, 경영성과, 조직문화에 모두 정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 가설이 모두 채택되었다 셋째, 조직문화가 조직투명성에 직접적인 영향을 미쳤으며, 또한 조직문화가 윤리경영과 조직투명성, 경영성과 간의 관계에서 매개효과로 유의한 영향력을 미치는 것으로 파악되었다. 이와 같은 연구결과를 근간으로 다음과 같이 제언하고자 한다. 첫째, 윤리경영 중심에 있는 관리자의 윤리적 리더십이다. 둘째, 조직투명성에 대한 관심도이다. 셋째, 경영성과의 균형이다. 넷째, 윤리경영 환경에 능동적으로 대처할 수 있는 유연한 조직문화가 구축되어야 한다.

Keywords

References

  1. Bartels, L. K., Harrick, E., Martell, K., & Strickland, D.(1998). The Relationship between Ethical Climate and Ethical Problems within Human Resource Management. Journal of Business Ethics, 17(7), 799-804. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005817401688
  2. Bitner, M. J.(1992). Servicescape: The Impact of Physical Surroundings on Customers and Employees, Journal of Marketing, 56(2), 57-71. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224299205600205
  3. Choi, H. D.(2010)., Job Satisfaction among Those Working in Medical Elderly Care Facilities Depending on Organizational Culture, Doctoral dissertation, Daegu Haany University.
  4. Choi, H. G.(2016). A Study of the Impact of Ethical Management on Organizational Trust, Organizational Citizenship Behaviors and Customer Orientation: with the Focus Being on Private Social Welfare Facilities in Busan, Journal of Korean Social Welfare Administration, 18(1), Serial Number 50(2), 267-291.
  5. Choi, S. H., Kim, J. A., & Kwon, G. J.(2011). The Impact of Ethical Atmosphere Perceived by Social Welfare Workers on Career Commitment. Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies, 42(1), 55-82. https://doi.org/10.16999/kasws.2011.42.1.55
  6. Choi, S. Y.(2015). A Study of the Impact of Organizational Culture on Organizational Performance: with the Focus Being on Comparison between a Public Welfare Organization and a Private Local Welfare Center, Doctoral dissertation, Konkuk University.
  7. Choi, S. A.(2002). A Study of Organizational Culture and Social Welfare Workers' Empowerment: with the Focus being on General Social Welfare Facilities in Seoul, Master's Thesis, Yonsei University.
  8. Choi, J. S., Choi, J. A., & Jeong, S. Y.(2009). A Study of Organizational Culture Types in Welfare Facilities for the Disabled and Local Community-centered Social Consolidation Orientation: with the Focus Being on the Mediating Effects of Market Orientation. Korean Journal of Social Welfare, 61(1), 5-32.
  9. Deal, T. E., & Kennedy, A. A.(1982). Corporate Cultures: The Rites and Rituals of Corporate Life, Reading MA: Addison-Wesley.
  10. Drucker, P. F.(1985). Innovation Entrepreneurship Practice and Principle, New York, Public Productivity Review, 10(1), 105-109.
  11. Hwang, S. C.(2003). Organizational Culture in Social Welfare Organizations and Social Welfare Workers' Empowerment, Journal of Korean Social Welfare Administration, 9(2), 113-135.
  12. Hyeon, S. W.(2009). A Comparative Study between Korea and the U.S. in Non-Profit Organizations, Doctoral dissertation, Soongsil University.
  13. Im, C. H.(2008). Human Resources Management. Seoul: 508-511, 578.
  14. Im, C. H.(2010). Organization Theory, Seoul: Hakhyunsa, 408-413.
  15. Jang, I. G.(2010). A Study on the Relationship between Organizational Culture and Members' Happiness with the Focus Being on the Police Organizations in Jeollabuk-do. Doctoral dissertation, Jeonju University.
  16. Kimberly, J. R., & Quinn, R. E.(1984). Corporate Reorganizations: Organizational Change, R. D. Irwin (Homewood, III).
  17. Kim, J. G.(2010). A Study of the Impact of Ethical Management of Non-profit, Social Welfare Organizations on Organizational Commitment and Job Satisfaction, Master's Thesis, Yonsei University.
  18. Kim, C. J., Hong, S. D., & Hong, P. K.(2007). The Privation Trend and Tasks of Public Long-term Care Systems: With the Focus Being on Cases in the U.K,Germany and the U.S. Korea Welfare Policy, 30(5), 277.
  19. Kim, N. Y.(2014). A Study of the Development and Validation of Criteria for Psychological Empowerment among Care Service Providers in Human Service Organizations: With the Focus Being on Care Workers, Doctoral dissertation, Seoul Women's University.
  20. Kim, M. S.(2015). A Study of the Control Effect of Social Support in the Relationship between the Mental Health of Care Workers in Elderly Care Facilities and Organizational Effectiveness, Doctoral dissertation, Daejeon University.
  21. Kim, S. B.(2012). The Impact of Leadership in Police on Organizational Effectiveness: With the Focus Being on the Mediating Effects in Organizational Culture, Doctoral dissertation, Kyungnam University.
  22. Kim, S. S.(2004). The 21st Century's Ethical Management, Seoul; Samyeongsa.
  23. Kim, Y. S.(2012). The Impact of Organizational Culture and Organizational Support on Organizational Effectiveness: with the Focus Being on Workers in Elderly Care Facilities in Daegu and Gyeongbuk, Master's Thesis, Daegu Haany University.
  24. Kim, Y. J., Nam, G. S., & Park, S. J.(2016). The Impact of Care Workers' Job Autonomy on Innovative Behaviors, The Korean Society of Business Venturing, 11(3), 199-208.
  25. Kim, H. J.(2004). Comparison between Administrative Organizations and Corporate Organizations in Organizational Culture, Korean Public Administration Review, 38(3), 49-67.
  26. Lee, G. G.(2006). The Impact of Market Orientation on Performance in the Hospital Industry and Outcomes Depending on Size, Korean Journal of Health Policy and Administration, 16(4), 1-23.
  27. Lee, G. C.(2010). A Casual Model Study on the Relationship between Social Welfare Workers' Attitudes and Behavioral Variables, Doctoral dissertation, Graduate School of Social Welfare Gwangju University.
  28. Lee, J. H.(2013). Accountability Self-Assessment for International Development Cooperation NGOs, International Development Association.
  29. Lee, L. S., Hong, G. H., & Hwang, G. J.(2006). The Impact of the Ethical Mindset of the CEO of a Multi-national Corporation on Business Performance, International Business Journal, 17(1), 64-76.
  30. Lee, M. M.(2008). Ethical Management in Social Welfare Organizations. Education on Ethical Management in Social Welfare. Action Manual, Korea Association of Social Workers, 15(3), 195-220.
  31. Lee, S. Y.(2011), The Impact of Organizational Culture Types in Elderly Care Facilities on the Exhaustion of Care Workers-with the Focus Being on the Mediating Effects of Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment, Doctoral dissertation, Daegu University.
  32. Lee, S. M., & Choi, L. C.(2002), Newly Recognized Corporate Social Responsibilities, Samsung Economic Research Institute, 9(3), 8-39.
  33. Nam, H. S.(2013). The Mediating Effect of Psychological Empowerment on the Relationship between Job Environment and Job Satisfaction, The Korean Society of Business Venturing, 8(2), 175-185.
  34. National Health Insurance.(2016), The Act on Long-term Care Insurance for Senior Citizens.
  35. Mayer-Sommer, A. P., & Roshwalb, A.(1996). An Examination of the Relationship Performance in the U.S. Defense Industry: 1988-1992. Journal of Business Ethics, 15(12), 1249-1274. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00411812
  36. Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J.(1991). A Three-component Conceptualization of Organizational Commitment, Human Review, 1(5), 61-89
  37. Min, G. Y., Kim, E. H., Byeon, Y. J.(2016). The Influence of Ethical Leadership of Organization Heads Perceived by Long-term Elderly Care Facility Workers on Organizational Transparency: with the Focus Being on the Mediating Effects of Ethical Management, Korea Academy of Care Management, 18(4), 97-126.
  38. Mun, H. G.(2010). Ethical Management Manual Tip, Korea Association of Social Workers Ethical Management Education and Action Manual
  39. Oh, S. H.(2015). The Impact of Ethical Management in Social Welfare Facilities on Organizational Commitment: with the Focus Being on the Mediating Effects of Organizational Image and Social Desirability, Doctoral dissertation, Dongguk University.
  40. Park G. W., & Ban, H. J.(2013). A Study of Accounting Transparency for Companies: With the Focus Being on the OCI Case, Korea International Accounting Review, 52(4), 357-376.
  41. Park, U. B.(2006). A Study of the Relationship between Corporate Ethics and Organizational Effectiveness, Doctoral dissertation, Gyeongsang National University.
  42. Park, W. S.(2004). Financial Transparency of Non-profit Organizations: with the Focus Being on the Case of The Beautiful Foundation, Korean NPO Review, 3(1), 173-193.
  43. Park, J. C., & Hong, S. G.(2009). The Impact of Corporate Social Activities on Customer Loyalty, Journal of Marketing Management Research, 14(4), 19-35.
  44. Park J. H., & Jang, Y. J.(2014). A Study of the Impact of Innovative Leadership and Group Culture on Care Workers' Job Change Intentions, Health and Social Welfare Review, 34(2), 161-186. https://doi.org/10.15709/hswr.2014.34.2.161
  45. Park, H. S.(2001). Transparency Value: the Conceptual Structure and Meaning, Korean Society and Public Administration, 12(3), 103-118.
  46. Pivato, S., Misani, N., & Tencati, A.(2008). The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Consumer Trust: the Case Osorganic Food, Business Ethics: A European Review, 17(1), 3-12. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8608.2008.00515.x
  47. Primeaus, P., & Stieber, J.(1994). Profit Maximization: The Ethical Mandate of Business, Journal of Business Ethics, 13(4), 287-294. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00871675
  48. Raju, P., Lonial, S., Gupta, Y., & Ziegler, C.(2000). The Relationship between Market Orientation and Performance in the Hospital Industry: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach Health Care Manage Sci, 3(3), 2337-247.
  49. Schein, E. H.(1985). Organizational Culture and Leadership, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers.
  50. Schwepker, C. H., & Ingram, T. N.(1996). Improving Sales Performance Through Ethics: The Relationship Between Salesperson Moral Judgment and Job Performance, Journal of Business Ethics, 15(11), 1151-1160 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00412814
  51. Seo, D. S.(2012). A Study of the Influence of Ethical Management in Social Welfare on Business Performance, Doctoral dissertation, Hannam University.
  52. Seo, D. S., & Jang, Y. E.(2012). A Study of Ethical Management Influence Factors in Long-term Elderly Care Organizations, Institute for Social Sciences, Chungnam National University, Social Science Studies, 23(4), 67-92.
  53. Seo, D. S.(2013). A Study of the Impact of Ethical Management in Long-term Elderly Care Organizations on Business Performance, Social Science Studies, 22(4), 138-163.
  54. Seo, M. S.(2008). A Study of Hospitalized Patient's Expectations and Satisfaction on Nursing Service Quality and Their Willingness to Revisit the Hospital, Master's Thesis, Ewha Womans University.
  55. Sim, U. G., & Choi, H. G.(2014). The Influence of Organizational Culture in University on Job Satisfaction, Customer Oriented Mindset and Service Quality, Journal of Creativity and Innovation, 7(1), 191-224.
  56. Son, S. H., & Gong, D. J.(2002). A Theoretical Study of the Success Factors and Financial Performance of ERP Systems, Korean Association of Computer and Accounting, 2(3), 33-56.
  57. Song, Y. M.(2008). Practical Implications in Social Welfare Examined with the Relationship between the Expertise of Social Welfare Workers and Ethical and Responsible Behaviors, Journal of Community Welfare, 27(5), 195-210.
  58. Stanwick, P. A., & Stanwick, S. D.(1988). The Relationship Between Corporate Social Performance and Organization Size, Financial Performance, and Environmental Performance; An Empirical Examination, Journal of Business Ethics, 17(3), 195-204.
  59. Waddock, S. A., & Graves, S. B.(1997). The Corporate Social Performance- Financial Performance Link, Strategic Management Journal, 18(4), 303-319. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199704)18:4<303::AID-SMJ869>3.0.CO;2-G
  60. Westbrook, R. A.(1987). Product Consumption-based Affective Responses and Repurchase Rocesses, Journal of Marketing, Research, 24(4), 258-270. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378702400302
  61. Woo, H. S.(2015). A Study of the Impact of Ethical Management in Long-term Elderly Care Facilities on Job Embeddedness and Customer-oriented Thinking: with the Focus Being on the Mediating Effects of Organizational Culture, Doctoral dissertation, Hanyoung Theological University.
  62. Yang, O. G., & Choi, M. M.(2010). A Study of the Development of Self-Assessment Indices for Ethical Management in Social Welfare Organizations, Journal of Korean Social Welfare Administration, 12(2), 4-15.
  63. Yu, S. J.(2009). A Study between the Innovative Leadership of Top-ranking Managers and Organizational Achievement and Ethical Management, Master's Thesis, Seoul Women's University.
  64. Yu, S. E.(2007). A Study of the Impact of the Ethical Standard of a Company on the Business Performance: With the Focus Being on Small to Medium Enterprises in Daejeon and Chungcheong, Doctoral dissertation, Hannam University.
  65. 국가권익위원(2008). 반부패 지표 중심의 윤리경영 보고서 표준안.
  66. 주영수.김주철.방예원.이태경.임형준(2010), 요양보호사 건강실태조사. 대한직업환경의학회 학술대회 논문집. 307-308.
  67. 제갈현숙(2009). 사회서비스 시장화 전략의 문제와 대안 모색. 사호공공연구소 연구보고서. 35-56.
  68. 한국사회복지사협회(2010). 사회복지 윤리경영 선도기관 육성사업 2차년도 결과보고대회자료집.