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Survey on Occurrence and Management of Disease and Pests in Organic Peach Orchards

유기재배 복숭아 과원의 관리현황 및 병해충 발생 실태

  • 김민기 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 유기농업과) ;
  • 안민실 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 유기농업과) ;
  • 박종호 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 유기농업과) ;
  • 이초롱 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 유기농업과) ;
  • 이상범 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 유기농업과) ;
  • 박광래 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 유기농업과) ;
  • 홍승길 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 유기농업과)
  • Received : 2017.06.13
  • Accepted : 2017.08.10
  • Published : 2017.08.31

Abstract

The occurrence and management of disease and pests in six organic peach orchards were surveyed from March 2015 to March 2017. In this period, the number of certified organic and non-chemical peach farms increased to 65.5% and 31.7%, respectively. Certified organic peach farms were selected based on more than $4,000m^2$ of cultivation area and three tons of production, and their cultivation status was examined. All of the farms were either cultivated green manure crop or sod, and limited vegetation control to a minimum. For the management of soil nutrients, many farmers used livestock manure, oilcake and self-manufacturing liquid fertilizer. It was surveyed that bordeaux mixture, lime sulfur, pheromone for mating disruption of moths and plant extract were used for disease and pest control. The damage caused by the pests and diseases were 31.6% and 24.1%, respectively. The oriental fruit moth showed the highest damage rate (13.5%) in the organic peach orchards, followed by the brown rot (13.0%), peach fruit moth (7.3%) and bacterial shot hole (7.3%).

본 연구에서는 2015년 3월부터 2017년 3월까지 친환경 인증 복숭아 재배현황, 유기농산물인증 복숭아 과원의 관리현황 및 병해충 발생실태를 조사하였다. 조사 기간 동안 복숭아 유기인증 농가는 65.5%, 무농약인증 농가는 31.7% 증가하여 매우 높은 증가 추세를 나타냈다. 복숭아 유기농산물인증 농가 중 대표적인 6 농가를 선발하여 재배현황을 살펴보았다. 조사한 모든 농가에서 녹비작물을 재배하거나 초생재배를 실시하고 예초를 최소한(평균 2.5회)으로 실시하였다. 토양 양분관리를 위해 가축분퇴비, 유박 및 자가제조 액비를 사용하는 농가가 많았으며, 병해충 방제를 위해 보르도액, 석회유황합제, 교미교란제 및 자가제조 식물 추출물을 사용하고 있는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 병해충 피해현황을 살펴보았을 때 충해로 인한 피해는 31.6%, 병해로 인한 피해는 24.1%로 충해로 인한 피해가 다소 높은 것을 알 수 있었다. 주요 발생 병해충으로는 복숭아순나방이 13.5%로 가장 많은 피해를 유발하는 것을 확인할 수 있었으며, 잿빛무늬병(13.0%), 복숭아심식나방(7.3%) 및 세균성구멍병(7.3%)이 문제 되고 있는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

Keywords

References

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