Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

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Research on Improvement of CH4 Reduction Performance of NGOC for CNG Bus

CNG 버스용 NGOC의 CH4 저감 성능 향상을 위한 연구

  • Seo, Choong-Kil (Department of Automotive & Mechanical Engineering, Howon University)
  • 서충길 (호원대학교 자동차기계공학과)
  • Received : 2017.01.20
  • Accepted : 2017.05.12
  • Published : 2017.05.31
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Abstract

Recently, in order to meet the stricter emission regulations, the proportion of after-treatments for vehicles and vessels has been increasing gradually. The objective of this study is to investigate the improvement of $CH_4$ reduction ability of natural gas oxidation catalyst (NGOC), which reduces toxic gases emitted from CNG buses. Thirteen NGOCs were prepared, and the conversion performance of noxious gases according to the type of supports, the loading amount of noble metal, and surfactant and aging were determined. Support Zeolite supported on No. 3 $NGOC(1Pt-1Pd-3MgO-3CeO_2/(46TiO_2+23Al_2O_3+23Zeolite)$ is an anionic alkali metal/earth metal component that improved the oxidation reactivity between CO and NO and noble metal dispersion, and thus enhanced the $CH_4$ reduction ability. As the loading amount of Pd, a noble metal with a high selectivity to $CH_4$, was increased, the number of reaction sites was increased and the ability to reduce $CH_4$ was improved. No. 11 $NGOC(1Pt-1Pd-3MgO-3CeO_2/(Z20+Al80)$(pH=8.5), to which nitrate surfactant had been added, exhibited well dispersed catalyst particles with no agglomeration and improved the $CH_4$ reduction ability by 5-15%. The $NGOC(2Pt-2Pd-3Cr-3MgO/90Al_2O_3)$(48h aging), which was mildly thermal aged for 48h, increased the $CH_4$ reduction ability to about 10% or less as compared with No. 12 NGOC(Fresh).

최근에 엄격한 배기가스규제를 충족시키기 위해 자동차와 선박용 후처리장치의 비중이 점차로 증가하고 있다. 이 연구의 목적은 CNG 버스에서 배출되는 유독성 가스를 저감하는 NGOC의 $CH_4$ 저감능력 향상을 연구하는 것이다. 13종의 천연가스산화촉매(NGOC)를 제조하였고, 지지체(support)의 종류, 귀금속의 담지량 영향 및 계면활성제와 열화에 따른 유해가스 전환 성능을 파악하였다. 3번 $NGOC(1Pt-1Pd-3MgO-3CeO_2/(46TiO_2+23Al_2O_3+23Zeolite)$에 담지된 지지체 Zeolite는 음이온 알칼리금속/토금속 성분으로 CO와 NO와의 산화반응성 및 귀금속 분산도를 향상시켜 $CH_4$ 저감능력을 향상시켰다. Pd는 $CH_4$에 대한 선택도가 큰 귀금속이며, 담지량이 증가할수록 반응사이트가 더 많아져 $CH_4$ 저감 능력이 향상되었다. Pt 11wt%가 담지된 9번 NGOC(11Pt-6Pd-3MgO/(40Zeolite+$40Al_2O_3$)의 경우, 과하게 담지된 Pt 담지량은 오히려 CO와 NO 전환율이 감소하였으며, 이는 Pt 분산도 저하 및 CO와 NO 산화반응에 선택적인 Zeolite 함량이 감소하였기 때문이다. 계면활성제가 첨가된 11번 NGOC(1Pt-1Pd-3MgO-$3CeO_2$/(Z 20+Al80)(pH=8.5)가 촉매 입자의 분산이 잘되어있고, 응집(agglomeration)되지 않아 $CH_4$ 저감 능력이 5-15% 향상되었다. Mild하게 48h 열적 열화된 13번 NGOC(2Pt-2Pd-3Cr-3MgO/$90Al_2O_3$)(48h aging)는 12번 NGOC(Fresh)에 비해 $CH_4$ 저감 능력이 약 10% 이하로 상승하였다.

Keywords

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