Journal of Bio-Environment Control (생물환경조절학회지)

The Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control (한국생물환경조절학회)
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Fruit Productivity and Cold Hardiness as Affected by Fruit Setting of 'Wonhwang' Pear Trees

'원황' 배의 착과량 조절이 과실생산성과 내한성에 미치는 영향

  • Kim, Byeong-Sam (Department of Research, Jeollanam-do Agricultural Research & Extebsuib Services) ;
  • Cho, Kyung-Chul (Department of Research, Jeollanam-do Agricultural Research & Extebsuib Services) ;
  • Ma, Kyung-Chul (Department of Research, Jeollanam-do Agricultural Research & Extebsuib Services) ;
  • Yun, Bong-Ki (Department of Research, Jeollanam-do Agricultural Research & Extebsuib Services) ;
  • Jung, Seok-Kyu (Department of Horticulture, Catholic University of Daegu) ;
  • Choi, Hyun-Sug (Department of Horticulture, Catholic University of Daegu)
  • Received : 2016.12.22
  • Accepted : 2017.04.24
  • Published : 2017.04.30
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Abstract

The study was performed on the effects of crop load of pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai) trees on shoot growth, reserved nutrients, and fruit production for two years, as well as regrowth of cuttings treated with various cold temperatures in 2012 and 2013. Crop load adjustments included three levels of fruiting; 54 (60%), 90 (100%), and 126 fruits per tree (140%). As increasing crop load from 60% to 140%, water sprout growth decreased, and one-year old shoot resulted in declined concentrations of total carbon, macro-nutrients, and free sugar. The 140% of crop load greatly increased fruit yield of approximately 35 tons per ha in both 2011 and 2012 but slightly reduced weight, size, and soluble solid contents in fruit. However, 140% of crop load increased annual production income to approximately over 10 million won compared to the 60% and 100% of crop load. Germination rates in the cuttings did not rapidly decrease up to $-20^{\circ}C$ in a growth chamber condition. The 140% of crop load decreased germination rates less than 70% of cuttings grown under $-30^{\circ}C$. Amounts of electrolyte leakage in the cuttings under various cold temperatures were not significantly different among the adjustment of crop load.

'원황' 배(Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai)나무에 착과수준을 주당 54개(60%착과), 90개[100%착과구(관행)], 126개(140%착과)로 조절 하였을 때 가지의 생장, 저장양분 및 과실생산과 익년에 삽수의 생장에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 2년간 수행되었다. 주당 착과량이 증가하면 도장지 생장이 감소하였고 1년생 가지의 탄수화물과 다량 무기원소 및 유리당 농도가 감소하는 경향이 나타났다. 관행 대비 140% 착과처리구는 두 해 모두 수량이 약 35톤으로 가장 높았지만 평균과중과 과실 크기 및 과육당도는 다소 낮은 수준이었다. 하지만 140% 착과처리구는 60%와 100% 착과 처리구 보다 년간 천만원 이상의 소득증대가 관찰되었다. $-20^{\circ}C$ 처리에서 삽수의 발아율은 뚜렷한 감소가 나타나지 않았고, $-30^{\circ}C$에서는 140% 착과처리구에서 70% 이하로 감소되었다. 저온에서 삽수의 전해질 누출률은 적과수준에 따라서 크게 차이는 없었다.

Keywords

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