초록
본 연구는 출토직물의 세척을 위한 천연계면활성제 선정을 위하여 그 특성과 세척성을 알아보는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 대조군으로 합성계면활성제인 SDS (Sodium dodecyl sulfate)와 천연계면활성제 중 LES (Disodium laurethsulfosuccinate), apple wash (Sodium cocoyl apple amino acids), tea saponin (Saponin), cornacopa (Decyl glucoside), coco betain (Cocamidopropyl betaine) 등 5종을 선별하여 계면활성제의 FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) 분석으로 구조를 확인하고, pH와 표면장력 측정으로 특성을 파악하였다. 인공오염포 4종과 출토직물편에 대한 세척성 실험을 수행하였다. 그 결과 인공오염포에 대해서는 apple wash, tea saponin, cornacopa가 세척성에 있어서 SDS만큼 좋은 것으로 나타났으며 출토직물편에 대해서는 tea ssponin과 coco betain의 세척성이 좋은 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 세제의 안전성과 세척성을 감안할 때 천연계면활성제 중 tea saponin이 출토복식 세척을 위한 천연계면활성제로써 적합한 것으로 사료되었다.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics and detergency of natural surfactants for the cleaning of excavated fabrics. For this purpose, SDS, a synthetic surfactant, was selected as the control, and five types of natural surfactants, namely, LES, apple wash, tea saponin, cornacopa, and coco betaine were selected. The structures of the surfactants were confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy analysis, and the characteristics of the surfactants were determined by measuring the pH and surface tension. In addition, detergency testing was carried out on four artificially soiled fabrics and fragments of excavated fabrics. From the results, apple wash, tea saponin, and cornacopa were found to be as good as SDS in terms of detergency in the cleaning of artificially soiled fabrics, and the detergency of tea saponin and coco betaine was found to be good for cleaning excavated fabrics. Therefore, considering the safety and detergency of detergents, among natural surfactants, tea saponin is found to be most suitable for the cleaning of excavated fabrics.
