Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Analysis of Longitudinal Relation of Children's Social Withdrawal and Peer Alienation

아동의 사회적 위축과 또래소외 간의 종단적 관계

  • 김경은 (남서울대학교 아동복지학과)
  • Received : 2017.01.24
  • Accepted : 2017.03.10
  • Published : 2017.03.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to verify the causal relationship between social withdrawal and peer alienation among Korean children. The survey study participants were 2,110 children in 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th grades. The 5-year longitudinal data (Korean Child and Youth Panel Survey; KCYPS) of 1st grade elementary school student cohort was used. Latent Growth Modeling was applied to analyze the causality over time of social withdrawal and peer isolation. The results revealed that the trajectories of children's social withdrawal decreased over time. Children's social withdrawal showed significant individual differences in terms of initial value and rates of change. The initial value and slope of children's social withdrawal had an effect on the peer alienation in the 3rd grade; however, there was no significant effect on the peer alienation in the 5th grade.

본 연구는 아동의 사회적 위축과 또래소외 간의 관계를 종단적으로 검증해보기 위해 수행되었다. 본 연구는 한국아동 청소년패널의 초등학교 1학년 연령집단을 대상으로 2010년부터 2015년까지 조사한 자료를 활용하였고, 2차년도부터 5차년도까지 참여한 총 2,110명의 아동의 자료가 분석되었다. 아동의 사회적 위축의 변화와 또래소외의 경향을 알아보기 위해 평균과 표준편차를 산출하였다. 또한 2차년도부터 4차년도까지 측정한 아동의 사회적 위축과 3차년도와 5차년도에 측정한 또래소외 간의 관련성을 알아보기 위해 잠재성장모형을 적용하였다. 첫째, 아동의 사회적 위축의 변화를 알아본 결과, 아동의 사회적 위축은 시간이 흐름에 따라 선형적으로 변화하는 것으로 나타났으며, 아동의 사회적 위축의 초기치는 개인마다 차이가 있고, 변화율에서도 개인차가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 아동의 사회적 위축의 초기치와 변화율은 3학년에 측정한 또래소외에는 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 아동의 사회적 위축의 초기치와 변화율은 5학년에 측정한 또래소외에는 유의한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 아동의 사회적 위축과 또래소외를 예방하거나 중재하기 위한 교육이나 지원이 필요함을 제시한다.

Keywords

References

  1. Yonhap News. Korean high school students spend 12 hours in school. 2015.08.26. Retrieved Dec. 12. 2016.http://www.yonhapnews.co.kr/bulletin/2015/08/26/0200000000AKR20150826156400004.HTML. 2016.
  2. K. H. Rubin, W. Bukowski, J. Parker, Peer interactions, relationships, and groups. In N. Eisenberg (Ed), Handbook of Child Psychology (6th edition): Social, emotional, and personality development(pp. 571-645). New York: Wiley. 2006.
  3. M. E. Gifford-Smith, C. A. Brownell, Childhood peer relationships: social acceptance, friendships, and peer networks. Journal of School Psychology, 41(4), pp. 235-284, 2003. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-4405(03)00048-7
  4. C. Burton, Children's Peer Relationships (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. 259 845) Retrieved Dec. 28, 2016. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED265936, 1986.
  5. S. R. Asher, S. Hymel, P. D. Renshaw. Loneliness in children. Child Development, 55(4), pp. 1456-1464, 1984. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1130015
  6. K. H. Rubin, R. J. Coplan, Paying attention to and not neglecting social withdrawal and social isolation. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 50(4), pp. 506-534, 2004. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/mpq.2004.0036
  7. D. Gross-Manos, The role of peers in children's lives and their contribution to child well-being: Theory and research. In A. Ben-Arieh, F. Casas, I Frones, & J. Korbin (Eds.), Handbook of child well-being: Theories, methods and policies in global perspective, Springer, pp. 1843-1863, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9063-8_176
  8. K. Wentzel, S. Baker, S. Russell, Peer relationships and positive adjustment at school. In R. Gilman, E. S. Huebner, & M. J. Furlong (Eds.), Handbook of positive psychology in schools, New York: Routledge, pp. 229-243, 2009.
  9. S. R. Asher, A. J. Rose, S. W. Gabriel, Peer rejection in everyday life. In Leary M.R. (Ed.), Interpersonal rejection(pp. 105-142). New York: Oxford, 2001.
  10. C. L. Bagwell, M. E. Schmidt, A. F. Newcomb, W. M. Bukowski, Friendship and peer rejection as predictors of adult adjustment. New Directions for Child and Adolescence Development, 91(Spring), pp. 25-49, 2001. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/cd.4
  11. P. McDougall, S. Hymel, T. Vaillancourt, L. Mercer, The consequences of early childhood rejection. In M. Leary (Ed.) Interpersonal Rejection, New York: Oxford University Press, pp. 213-247, 2001.
  12. S. J. Mann, Alternative perspective on the student experience: Alienation and engagement. Studies in Higher Education, 26(1), pp. 7-13. 2001. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/03075070020030689
  13. R. L. Calabrese, J Adams. Alienation: A Cause of Juvenile Delinquency. Adolescence, 25(98), pp. 435-440, 1990.
  14. J. J. A. Denissen, L. Penke, D. P. Schmitt, M. A. G. Van Aken, Self-esteem reactions to social interactions: evidence for sociometer mechanisms across days, people, and nations. Journal of personality and social psychology, 95(1), pp. 181-196, 2008. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.95.1.181
  15. J. P. Allen, D. Land, Attachment in adolescence. In J. Cassidy & P. R. Shaver (Eds.) Handbook of attachment theory and research and clinical applications, New York: Guilford, pp. 319- 335, 1999.
  16. W. S. Choi, J. S. Kim, A Study on Alienation of Elementary school students according to environmental variables. Journal of Resource Development. 20(1), pp. 131-140, 2001.
  17. K, Robson, Peer Alienation: Predictors in Childhood and Outcomes in Adulthood. Institute of Social and Economic Research, Working Paper, pp. 1-30, 2003,
  18. S. Bosacki, A. Dane, Z. Marini, & YLC-CURA. Peer relationships and internalizing problems in adolescents: Mediating role of self-esteem. Emotional & Behavioural Difficulties. 12(4), pp. 261-282. 2007. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13632750701664293
  19. M. R. Leary, E. J. Koch, N. R. Hechenbleikner, Emotional responses to interpersonal rejection. In M. R. Leary (Ed.), Interpersonal rejection (pp. 145-188). New York: Oxford University Press. 2001.
  20. J. N. Kingery, C. A. Erdley, K. C. Marshall. Peer acceptance and friendship as predictors of early adolescents' adjustment across the middle school transition. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 57(3), pp. 215-243. 2011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/mpq.2011.0012
  21. K. H. Rubin, K. Burgess, A. E. Kennedy, S. Stewart. Social withdrawal and inhibition in childhood. In E. Mash & R. Barkley (Eds.). Child Psychopathology, (2nd edition). New York: Guilford, pp. 372-406, 2003.
  22. K. Rubin, R. J. Coplan, J. Bowker, Social withdrawal in childhood. Annual Review of Psychology, 60(11), pp. 1-31, 2009. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.60.110707.163642
  23. K. H. Rubin, J. Asendorpf, Social Withdrawal, Inhibition and Shyness in Childhood. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum, 1993.
  24. J. D. Coie, K. A. Dodge, H. Coppotelli, Dimensions and types of status: A cross-age perspective. Developmental Psychology, 18(4), pp. 557-570, 1982. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.18.4.557
  25. S. Hymel, K. Rubin, L. Rowden, L. LeMare, Children's peer relationships: Longitudinal prediction of internalizing and externalizing problems from middle to late childhood. Child Development. 61(6), pp. 2004- 2021, 1990. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1130854
  26. K. H. Rubin, X. Chen, P. McDougall, A. Bowker, J. McKinnon, The Waterloo Longitudinal Project: predicting adolescent internalizing and externalizing problems from early and mid-childhood. Developmental Psychopathology, 7(4), pp. 751-64, 1995. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579400006829
  27. H. Gazelle , K. D. Rudolph. Moving toward and away from the world: social approach and avoidance trajectories in anxious solitary youth. Child Development. 75(3), pp. 829-49 2004. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2004.00709.x
  28. W. Oh, K. Rubin, J. Bowker, C. Booth-LaForce, L. Rose-Krasnor, B. Laursen. Trajectories of social withdrawal middle childhood to early adolescence. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 36(4), pp. 553- 566, 2008. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-007-9199-z
  29. Y. J. Cho, H. W. Joo, M. H. Hyun, The mediating effect of social withdrawal on the relationship between negative parenting attitudes and victimization in adolescents, Studies on Korean Youth, 26(2), pp. 59-81, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14816/sky.2015.26.2.59
  30. S. H. Kim, K. Y. Kim, Development of Behavior Problem Scale for Children and Adolescence, Journal of Korean Home Management Association, 16(4), pp. 155-166, 1998. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5124/jkma.1998.41.2.155
  31. D. L. Bandalos, S. J. Finney, Item parceling issues in structural equation modeling. In G. A. Marcoulides, R. E.Schumacker (editors). Advanced structural equation modeling: New developments and techniques. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum, pp. 269-296, 2001.
  32. G. C. Armsden, M. T. Greenberg, The inventory of parent and peer attachment: Individual differences and their relationship to psychological well-being in adolescence, Journal of Youth Adolescence, 16(5), pp. 427-454, 1987. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02202939
  33. S. H. Hong, S. K. You, A causal relationship between perceived control and academic achievement using Autoregressive Crosslagged Modeling and Multigroup Analysis. The Korean Journal of Educational Psychology, 18(1), pp. 381-392, 2004.
  34. S. J. Lee, S. H. Hong, H. K. Park, The study on the personal and social influence on Internet addiction among adolescents, Korean Journal of Educational Psychology, 19(4), pp. 1179-1197, 2005.
  35. K. M. Cung, M. J. Shin, J. H. Kang, E. S. Kim, Identification of developmental trajectories of social withdrawal in male adolescents: A two-year longitudinal study using growth modeling, Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 32(1), pp. 177-197, 2013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15842/kjcp.2013.32.1.010
  36. G. S. Park, Y. H. Park, S. H. Ko, Elementary School Students' Experiences in Puberty Qualitative Research, 13(2), pp. 79-91, 2012. https://doi.org/10.22284/qr.2012.13.2.79
  37. K. R. Wentzel, C. M. Barry, K. A. Caldwell, Friendships in middle school: Influences on motivation and school adjustment. Journal of Educational Psychology, 96(2), pp. 195-203, 2004. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.96.2.195