References
- Kim TH, Lee JH, Shin HM. Hollow reinforced concrete bridge column systems with reinforcement details for material quantity reduction: I. Development and verification. Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea. 2014;18(1):1-8. https://doi.org/10.5000/EESK.2014.18.1.001
- Kim TH, Kim HY, Lee JH, Shin HM. Hollow reinforced concrete bridge column systems with reinforcement details for material quantity reduction: II. Experiments and analyses. Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea. 2014;18(1):9-18. https://doi.org/10.5000/EESK.2014.18.1.009
- Kim TH, Lee SH, Lee JH, Shin HM. Performance assessment of solid reinforced concrete columns with triangular reinforcement details. Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute. 2016;28(1):75-84. https://doi.org/10.4334/JKCI.2016.28.1.075
- Chung YS, Park CY, Hong HK, Park JH, Shim CS. Shake table response and analysis of RC bridge piers with lap-spliced steel under NFGM. Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute. 2008;20(4):451-458. https://doi.org/10.4334/JKCI.2008.20.4.451
- Kim IH, Sun CH, Lee SH, Park KS, Seo HY. Seismic behavior of circular sectional RC bridge columns with various lap-splice lengths - an experimental study -. Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea. 2012;16(6):47-56. https://doi.org/10.5000/EESK.2012.16.6.047
- Phan VT, Near Fault (Near Field) Ground Motion Effects on Reinforced Concrete Bridge Columns, Thesis, University of Nevada, Reno, August, 2005.
- Kim JH, Kim JK. Modeling of near fault ground motion due to moderate magnitude earthquakes in stable continental regions. Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea. 2006;10(3):101-111. https://doi.org/10.5000/EESK.2006.10.3.101
- Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport. Korea Highway Bridge Design Code (Limit State Design Method). c2015.
- Korea Concrete Institute. Concrete Structural Design Code. 2012.
- AASHTO. AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications. 6th Edition. c2012.
- Kim TH, Lee KM, Yoon CY, Shin HM. Inelastic behavior and ductility capacity of reinforced concrete bridge piers under earthquake. I: Theory and formulation. Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE. 2003;129(9):1199-1207. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2003)129:9(1199)
- Kim TH, Lee KM, Chung YS, Shin HM. Seismic damage assessment of reinforced concrete bridge columns. Engineering Structures. 2005;27(4):576-592. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2004.11.016
- Kim TH, Kim YJ, Kang HT, Shin HM. Performance assessment of reinforced concrete bridge columns using a damage index. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering. 2007;34(7):843-855. https://doi.org/10.1139/l07-003
- Kim TH, Hong HK, Chung YS, Shin HM. Seismic performance assessment of reinforced concrete bridge columns with lap splices using shaking table tests. Magazine of Concrete Research. 2009;61(9):705-719. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.2008.61.9.705
- Kim TH, Lee JH, Shin HM. Performance assessment of hollow reinforced concrete bridge columns with triangular reinforcement details. Magazine of Concrete Research. 2014;66(16):809-824. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.13.00257
- Taylor RL. FEAP - A Finite Element Analysis Program, Version 7.2. Users Manual, Volume 1 and Volume 2. c2000.
- Mander JB. Priestley MJN. Park R. Theoretical stress-strain model for confined concrete. Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE. 1988;114(8):1804-1826. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1988)114:8(1804)
- Hilber HM, Hughes TJR, Taylor RL. Improved numerical dissipation for time integration algorithms in structural dynamics. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics. 1977;5:282-292.
- Hughes TJR. The Finite Element Method, Prentice-Hall, 1987.
- Applied Technology Council. Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit of Concrete Buildings, ATC-40 Report, Redwood City, California. c1996.