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Life Table Analysis of the Brown Planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens Stål (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) on Rice of Resistant Cultivars

벼멸구 저항성 품종벼에서 벼멸구의 생명표 분석

  • Choi, Nak Jung (Crop Foundation Division, National Institute of Crop Science) ;
  • Jeong, In-Hong (Division of Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Science) ;
  • Kwon, Deok Ho (Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University) ;
  • Choi, Man-Young (Crop Foundation Division, National Institute of Crop Science) ;
  • Baik, Chai-Hun (Planning and Coordination Division, National Institute of Crop Science)
  • 최낙중 (국립식량과학원 작물기초기반과) ;
  • 정인홍 (국립농업과학원 작물보호과) ;
  • 권덕호 (서울대학교 농업생명과학연구원) ;
  • 최만영 (국립식량과학원 작물기초기반과) ;
  • 백채훈 (국립식량과학원 기획조정과)
  • Received : 2017.10.11
  • Accepted : 2017.11.21
  • Published : 2017.12.31

Abstract

Development, survival, and reproduction of brown planthopper (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens $St{\aa}l$ (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), were studied in laboratory at $25{\pm}2^{\circ}C$, $65{\pm}5%$ RH and a 16L : 8D hours photoperiodism on five rice cultivars of: Dongjin 1ho, Chungchungbyeo, Jangseongbyeo, Chinnongbyeo and Jungmo 1045. BPH nymphs successfully survived on all rice cultivars, although survival rate was lowest on Jangseongbyeo (36.0%). Developmental time of immature stages ranged from $11.7{\pm}0.59d$ on Jungmo 1045 to $12.8{\pm}0.59d$ on Chinnongbyeo. Reproductive period and female longevity were longest on Dongjin 1ho, Chinnongbyeo and Jungmo 1045 while highest fecundity of N. lugens being observed on these three rice cultivars. Highest and lowest net reproductive rates were calculated on rice cultivars, Jungmo 1045 and Jangseongbyeo, respectively. Mean generation time was the longest on rice cultivar Dongjin 1ho. Respective descending order of intrinsic rates of population increase were on Jungmo 1045, Chinnongbyeo, Dongjin 1ho, Chungchungbyeo and Jangseongbyeo. These population parameters showed that N. lugens can successfully survive and reproduce on Chinnongbyeo and Jungmo 1045.

본 연구는 국내로 유입되어 벼를 가해하는 주요 해충인 벼멸구의 감수성 및 항충성의 차이를 조사하고자 품종별 발육기간, 성충 수명, 산자수, 생명표 등을 조사하였다. 벼 품종별 발육실험에서 난기간은 품종에 상관없이 9일 정도로 조사되었고, 전체 약충기간은 품종별로 뚜렷한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 발육단계별 우화율의 경우 Bph1 유전자를 가진 장성벼가 36%로 가장 낮은 수준으로 조사되었다. Bph2 유전자를 가진 친농벼의 경우 우화율이 70%로 가장 높았으며 감수성 품종인 동진 1호는 50%의 우화율을 나타냈다. 저항성 유전자를 가진 품종을 섭식한 벼멸구의 경우 발육기간과의 연관성은 낮지만, 탈피 과정에 영향을 미치는 것으로 추측된다. 벼멸구의 생식과 관련하여 품종에 따라 산란전기는 차이가 없는 것으로 조사되었으며, 산란기간은 $23.1{\pm}2.88$일로 동진 1호가 가장 길었고 Bph2 유전자를 가진 친농벼와 중모 1045는 각각 $19.3{\pm}2.26$일, $18.9{\pm}2.03$일로 통계적으로 유사하였다. 그에 비해 Bph1 유전자를 가진 청청벼와 장성벼의 산란기간이 짧았으며, 특히 장성벼는 $4.7{\pm}1.46$일로 가장 짧았다. 암컷 수명과 산자수는 산란기간과 동일한 경향으로 조사되어 청청벼와 장성벼에서의 벼멸구의 생식능력이 다른 품종에 비해 낮음을 확인하였다. 생명표 분석을 통해 얻어진 데이터를 비교한 결과, 순증가율은 중모 1045 ($64.51{\pm}25.414$), 친농벼($51.61{\pm}28.558$), 동진 1호($43.25{\pm}13.952$), 청청벼($11.02{\pm}7.497$), 장성벼($2.51{\pm}3.620$) 순으로 낮았고, 내적자연증가율은 중모 1045 ($0.196{\pm}0.0155$), 친농벼($0.181{\pm}0.0246$), 동진 1호($0.172{\pm}0.0179$), 청청벼($0.127{\pm}0.0402$), 장성벼($0.048{\pm}0.0582$) 순이었다. 기간자연증가율은 순증가율과 같은 순서였고, 평균세대기간은 동진 1호, 친농벼, 중모 1045, 장성벼, 청청벼 순이었으며, 배수기간은 장성벼에서 가장 긴 것으로 조사되었으나 통계적으로 모든 품종에서 유의했다. 종합해 보면 장성벼의 경우 벼멸구가 번식하는 데 있어서 다른 품종에 비해 가장 불리하며, 저항성 유전자가 있지만 친농벼와 중모 1045는 벼멸구의 번식에 있어서 감수성 품종과 차이가 없는 것으로 조사되었다. 저항성 유전자를 포함한 품종 간에서도 벼멸구의 가해능력이 차이가 있는 것으로 보아, 벼멸구 방제를 위한 저항성 품종 육종에 있어서 다양한 요인을 고려하고, 저항성 유전자가 어떠한 기작을 통하여 저항성 반응을 나타내는지에 대한 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

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