DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

사회적 자본과 개인 동기가 정보공유와 커뮤니티 촉진에 미치는 영향: 중국의 가상커뮤니티를 중심으로

The Effects of Social Capital and Individual Motivations on Information Sharing and Community Promotion: Focused on a Chinese Virtual Community

  • 김종기 (부산대학교 경영학과) ;
  • 대상 (안휘외국어대학교 국제상무대학) ;
  • 김재현 (부산대학교 경영학과)
  • 투고 : 2015.12.07
  • 심사 : 2016.03.16
  • 발행 : 2016.03.31

초록

Purpose Virtual communities change the way people communicate and share information. The purpose of this paper is to find how internet social capital and individual motivations influence the information sharing in virtual communities. This study considers the social capital theory, individual motivations, information sharing, and community promotion to construct a theoretical model. Design/methodology/approach Social capital focuses on three dimensions that include 6 factors: social interaction ties, centrality, shared language, shared vision, trust and reciprocity. Individual motivations include 2 factors: reputation and enjoy helping. To confirm the research model and the hypotheses, 426 effective questionnaires were used for the final analysis. Findings The result of data analysis demonstrates that social interaction ties, centrality, shared language, trust, and reciprocity were significant in affecting information sharing behaviors. However, reputation, enjoy helping, and shared vision does not appear to have a significant influence on information sharing behaviors. The information sharing was positively related to community promotion.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. 김종기, 강다연, 전진환, "패스워드 선택을 위한 사용자의 보안행위의도에 영향을 미치는 요인," 정보시스템연구, 제17권, 제1 호, 2008, pp. 23-43.
  2. 박준기, 윤정인, 이정우, "IT서비스에 있어서 서비스 품질이 지식공유의도에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구," 정보시스템연구, 제19 권, 제3호, 2010, pp. 237-261.
  3. 이영찬, "사회적 자본, 지식경영, 그리고 조직성과 간의 인과관계," 정보시스템연구, 제 16권, 제4호, 2007, pp. 223-241.
  4. Alavi, M. and Leidner, D. E., "Review: Knowledge Management and Knowledge Management Systems: Conceptual Foundations and Research Issues," MIS Quarterly, Vol. 25, No. 1, 2001, pp. 107-136. https://doi.org/10.2307/3250961
  5. Armstrong, A. and Hagel, J., "The Real Value of On-Line Communities," Harvard Business Review, Vol. 74, No. 3, 1996, pp. 134-141.
  6. Baron, R. M. and Kenny, D. A., "The Moderator-Mediator Variable Distinction in Social Psychological Research: Conceptual, Strategic, and Statistical Consideration," Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol. 51, No. 6, 1986, pp. 1173-1182. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173
  7. Becker, T. E., "Potential Problems in Statistical Control of Variables in Organizational Research: A Qualitative Analysis with Recommendations." Organizational Research Methods, 2005, Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 274-289. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428105278021
  8. Bock, G. W., Zmud, R. W., and Kim Y. G., "Behavioral Intention Formation in Knowledge Sharing Examining the Roles of Extrinsic Motivators, Social- Psychological Forces, and Organizational Climate" MIS Quarterly, Vol. 29, No. 1, 2005, pp. 87-111. https://doi.org/10.2307/25148669
  9. Butler, B. S., "Membership Size, Communication Activity, and Sustainability: A Resource-Based Model of Online Social Structures" Information Systems Research, Vol. 12, No. 4, 2001, pp. 346-362. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.12.4.346.9703
  10. Chang, H. H. and Chuang, S. S., "Social Capital and Individual Motivations on Knowledge Sharing: Participant Involvement as a Moderator," Information & Management, Vol. 48, No. 1, 2011, pp. 9-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2010.11.001
  11. Chai, S., Das, S., and Rao, H. R., "Factors Affecting Bloggers Knowledge Sharing: An Investigation Across Gender," Journal of Management Information Systems, Vol. 28, No. 3, 2012, pp. 309-341. https://doi.org/10.2753/MIS0742-1222280309
  12. Chen, C. J. and Hung, S. W., "To Give or to Receive? Factors Influencing Members Knowledge Sharing and Community Promotion in Professional Virtual Communities," Information & Management, Vol. 47, No. 4, 2010, pp. 226-236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2010.03.001
  13. Chow, W. S. and Chan, L. S., "Social Network, Social Trust and Shared Goals in Organizational Knowledge Sharing," Information & Management, Vol. 45, No. 7, 2008, pp. 458-465. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2008.06.007
  14. Chiu, C, M., Hsu, M. H., Wang, E. T. G., "Understanding Knowledge Sharing in Virtual Communities: An Integration of Social Capital and Social Cognitive Theories," Decision Support Systems, Vol. 42, No. 3, 2006, pp. 1872-1888. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2006.04.001
  15. Constant, D., Kiesler, S., and Sproull, L., "Whats Mine is Ours, Or Is It? A Study of Attitudes About Information Sharing," Information Systems Research, Vol. 5, No. 4, 1994, pp. 400-421. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.5.4.400
  16. Davenport, T. H. and Prusak, L., Working Knowledge: How Organizations Manage What They Know, Harvard Business School Press, Boston, 1998.
  17. Davis, F. D., Bagozzi, R. P., and Warshaw, P. R., "Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation to use Computers in the Workplace," Journal of Applied Social Psychology, Vol. 22, No. 14, 1992, pp. 1111-1132. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.1992.tb00945.x
  18. Fornell, C. and Larcker, D. F., "Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error," Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. 18, No. 1, 1981, pp. 39-50. https://doi.org/10.2307/3151312
  19. Hagel, J., "Net Gain: Expanding Markets Through Virtual Communities," Journal of Interactive, Vol. 13, No. 1, 1999, pp. 55-65. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1520-6653(199922)13:3<55::AID-DIR4>3.0.CO;2-J
  20. Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., and Anderson, R. E., Multivariate Data Analysis, 7th Edition, Prentice Hall International, 2010.
  21. Hsu, M. H., Ju, T. L., Yen, C. H., and Chang, C. M., "Knowledge Sharing Behavior in Virtual Communities: The Relationship Between Trust, Self-efficacy, and Outcome Expectations," International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, Vol. 65, No. 2, 2007, pp. 153-169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhcs.2006.09.003
  22. Hsu, C. H. and Lin, J. C-C., "Acceptance of Blog Usage: The Roles of Technology Acceptance, Social Influence and Knowledge Sharing Motivation" Information & Management, Vol. 45, No. 1, 2008, pp. 65-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2007.11.001
  23. Huber, G. P., "Organizational Learning: The Contributing Processes and the Literatures" Organization Science, Vol. 2, No. 1, 1991, pp. 88-115. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2.1.88
  24. Jarvenpaa, S. L. and Staples, D. S., "The Use of Collaborative Electronic Media For information Sharing: an Exploratory Study of Determinants," Strategic Information Systems, Vol. 9, No. 2, 2000, pp. 129-154. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0963-8687(00)00042-1
  25. Jarvenpaa, S. L. and Staples, D. S., "Exploring Perceptions of Organizational Ownership of Information and Expertise," Journal of Management Information Systems, Vol. 18, No. 1, 2001, pp. 151-183. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.2001.11045673
  26. Kankanhalli, A., Tan, B. C. Y., and Wei, K. K., "Contributing Knowledge to Electronic Knowledge Repositories: An Empirical Investigation," MIS Quarterly, Vol. 29, No. 1, 2005a, pp. 113-143. https://doi.org/10.2307/25148670
  27. Kankanhalli, A., Tan, B. C. Y., and Wei, K. K., "Understanding Seeking From Electronic Knowledge Repositories: An Empirical Study," Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, Vol. 56, No. 11, 2005b, pp. 1156-1166. https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.20219
  28. Kogut, B. and Zander, U., "What Do Firms Do? Coordination, Identity, and Learning," Organization Science, Vol. 7, No. 5, 1996, pp. 502-518. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.7.5.502
  29. Lin, M. J. J., Hung, S. W., and Chen, C. J., "Fostering the Determinants of Knowledge Sharing in Professional Virtual Communities," Computers in Human Behavior, Vol. 25, No. 4, 2009, pp. 929-939. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2009.03.008
  30. Malhotra, Y., Galletta, D. and Kirsch, L., "How Endogenous Motivations Influence User Intentions: Beyond the Dichotomy of Extrinsic and Intrinsic User Motivations," Journal of Management Information Systems, Vol. 25, No. 1, 2008, pp. 267-299. https://doi.org/10.2753/MIS0742-1222250110
  31. Nahapiet, J. and Ghoshal, S., "Social Capital Intellectual Capital and the Organizational Advantage," Academy of Management Review, Vol. 23, No. 2, 1998, pp. 242-266. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1998.533225
  32. Nelson, K. M. and Cooprider, J. G., "The Contribution of Shared Knowledge to IS Group Performance," MIS Quarterly, Vol. 20, No. 4, 1996, pp. 409-432. https://doi.org/10.2307/249562
  33. Nonaka, I. "A Dynamic Theory of Organizational Knowledge Creation," Organization Science, Vol. 5, No. 1, 1994, pp. 14-37. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.5.1.14
  34. Reeve, J., Understanding Motivation and Emotion, Wiley, Fifth Edition, 2008.
  35. Ryan, R. M. and Deci, E. L. "Self- Determinantion Theory and the Facilitation of Intrinsic Motivation, Social Development, and Well-being," American Psychologist, Vol. 55, No. 1, 2000, pp. 68-78. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.68
  36. Sambamurthy, V. and Subramani, M., "Special Issue on Information Technologies And Knowledge Management," MIS Quarterly, Vol. 29, No. 1, 2005, pp. 1-7. https://doi.org/10.2307/25148665
  37. Stieglitz, S. and Dang-Xuan, L., "Emotions and Information Diffusion in social Media-Sentiment of Microblogs and Sharing Behavior," Journal of Management Information Systems, Vol. 29, No. 4, 2013, pp. 217-247. https://doi.org/10.2753/MIS0742-1222290408
  38. Sobel, M. E., "Asymptotic Confidence Intervals for Indirect Effects in Structural Equation Models," Sociological Methodology, Vol. 13, No. 1, 1982, pp. 290-312. https://doi.org/10.2307/270723
  39. Tenenhaus, M., Vinzi, V. E., Chatelin, Y. M., and Lauro, C., "PLS Path Modeling," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Vol. 48, No. 1, 2005, pp. 159-205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csda.2004.03.005
  40. Tsai, W. and Ghoshal, S., "Social Capital and Value Creation: The Role of Intrafirm Networks," Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 41, No. 4, 1998, pp. 464-476. https://doi.org/10.2307/257085
  41. Vallerand, R. J., "Toward a Hierarchical Model of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation," Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, Vol. 29, 1997, pp. 271-360. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2601(08)60019-2
  42. Venkatesh, V., "Determinants of Perceived Ease of Use: Integrating Control, Intrinsic Motivation, and Emotion into the Technology Acceptance Model," Information Systems Research, Vol. 11, No. 4, 2000, pp. 342-365. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.11.4.342.11872
  43. Wang, S. and Noe, R. A., "Knowledge Sharing: A Review and Directions for Future Research," Human Resource Management Review, Vol. 20, No. 2, 2010, pp. 115-131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2009.10.001
  44. Wang, W. T. and Hou, Y. P., "Motivations of Employees Knowledge Sharing Behaviors: A Self-determination Perspective," Information and Organization, Vol. 25, No. 1, 2015, pp. 1-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infoandorg.2014.11.001
  45. Wasko, M. M. and Faraj, S., "It is What one Does: Why People Participate and Help Other in Electronic Communities of Practice," Strategic Information Systems, Vol. 9, No. 2, 2000, pp. 155-173. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0963-8687(00)00045-7
  46. Wasko, M. M. and Faraj, S., "Why Should I Share? Examining Social Capital and Knowledge Contribution in Electronic Networks of Practice," MIS Quarterly, Vol. 29, No. 1, 2005, pp. 35-57. https://doi.org/10.2307/25148667
  47. Wetzels, M., Odekerken-Schroder, G., and Oppen, C. V., "Using PLS Path Modeling for Assessing Hierarchical Construct Models: Guidelines and Empirical Illustration" MIS Quarterly, Vol. 33, No. 1, 2009 pp. 177-195. https://doi.org/10.2307/20650284