Korean Journal of Microbiology (미생물학회지)

The Microbiological Society of Korea (한국미생물학회)
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Antifungal activity of Streptomyces costaricanus HR391 against some plant-pathogenic fungi

여러 식물병원성 진균을 억제하는 Streptomyces costaricanus HR391의 항진균능

  • Kim, Hae-Ryoung (Department of Biological Sciences, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Song, Hong-Gyu (Department of Biological Sciences, Kangwon National University)
  • Received : 2016.09.19
  • Accepted : 2016.11.16
  • Published : 2016.12.31
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Abstract

In this study Streptomyces strains were isolated from soils and their antifungal activities and involved mechanisms were investigated. Among over 400 isolates of actinomycetes, Streptomyces costaricanus HR391 was selected as a potential antagonist to control several plant-pathogenic fungi. S. costaricanus HR391 inhibited mycelial growth of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. raphani, F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum, F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, and Rhizoctonia solani by 26.5, 26.2, 21.2, and 23.8%, respectively compared to those of uninoculated control after 7-day incubation on PDB medium. S. costaricanus HR391 produced $89{\mu}M$ of siderphore, and showed fungal cell wall-degrading activity including $0.46{\mu}mol/min/mg$ of chitinase and $0.83{\mu}mol/min/mg$ of ${\beta}$-1,3 glucanase. S. costaricanus HR391 secreted 87.49 mg/L of rhamnolipid, and produced 9.49 mg/L and 4.3 mM of lipopeptide, iturin A and surfactin, respectively, all they are membrane-disrupting biosurfactants. It also produced antimicrobial peptide and antibiotics phenazine. In addition to antifungal substances, S. costaricanus HR391 secreted plant growth-promoting phytohormones, zeatin, gibberellins and IAA. These results suggest that S. costaricanus HR391 may be utilized as an environment-friendly biocontrol agent against some important pathogenic fungi.

여러 토양에서 분리한 400여 개의 방선균 균주에 대해 4가지 식물병원성 진균에 대한 항진균 활성을 조사하였으며 그 중 Streptomyces costaricanus HR391 균주는 PDB 배지에서 식물병원성 진균인 Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. raphani, F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum, F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici와 Rhizoctonia solani의 균사 생장을대조군과 비교하여 각각 26.5, 26.2, 21.2와 23.8% 저해하였다. S. costaricanus HR391은 항진균물질인 siderophore를 $98{\mu}M$을 생성할 뿐만 아니라 유화활성을 나타내며 막지질을 파괴할 수 있는 생물계면활성제인 rhamnolipid와 lipopeptide인 iturin A와 surfactin를 생성하였다. 또한 진균 세포막을 분해할 수 있는 chitinase와 glucanase 활성도 나타내었으며 병원균의 막을 파괴하는 AMP와 항생물질 phenazine도 분비하였다. 이외에도 식물생장 촉진활성을 갖는 zeatin, gibberellin과 indole acetic acid 같은 식물호르몬도 생성하였다. 이와 같이 항진균 활성을 나타내는 S. costaricanus HR391 균주는 다양한 종류의 항진균 물질의 상승작용과 더불어 높은 생물계면활성이 본 균주의 항진균 활성에 큰 역할을 하는 것으로 보이며 친환경적인 생물학적 항진균제로서 활용이 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

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