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The effect of sterilization condition and UV-C irradiation on the reduction of contamination rate for oyster mushroom bottle culture

살균조건 및 UV-C 조사가 느타리버섯 병재배 오염율 감소에 미치는 영향

  • 백일선 (경기도농업기술원버섯연구소) ;
  • 지정현 (경기도농업기술원버섯연구소) ;
  • 정윤경 (경기도농업기술원버섯연구소) ;
  • 김정한 (경기도농업기술원버섯연구소) ;
  • 임재욱 (경기도농업기술원)
  • Received : 2015.09.09
  • Accepted : 2015.09.30
  • Published : 2015.09.30

Abstract

This study was conducted to reduce contamination ratio of oyster mushroom bottle cultivation. The optimal conditions of substrate sterilization for reducing of contamination ratio were at $121^{\circ}C$ for 90 min. In addition, UV-C irradiation is good for lower contamination ratio to continue over 6 hours at cooling and inoculation room after sterilization. The contamination ratio and density of microorganisms of substrate were showed 0% after sterilization at $121^{\circ}C$ for 90 min. Trichoderma sp., main pathogen of mushrooms, was detected from substrate after sterilized during 2 or 4 hours at $101^{\circ}C$ and $105^{\circ}C$, respectively. The amount of electricity used was the lowest at $121^{\circ}C$ for 90 min than that of other sterilization conditions. The UV-C irradiation treatment was used UV-C lamp(40 watts) in the inoculation room($56m^3$). The density of bacteria did not detected after UV-C irradiation for 6 hours. And the death ratio of bacteria and Trichoderma sp. was 99.9% after UV-C irradiation for 6 hours. However, in the same UV-C irradiation time, the death ration of Cladosporium sp. was 90.9%. Therefore, the death ratio of fungi was lower than that of bacteria at the same UV-C irradiation treatment.

병재배 느타리버섯 재배과정중 발생되는 유해균 감소를 위한 적합 배지 살균조건과 UV-C 조사결과는 다음과 같다. 살균조건에 따른 오염율 및 전력소비량을 측정한 결과, $121^{\circ}C$에서 90분 살균시 오염율 0%, 전력소비량 4.1 kwh로 가장 낮게 조사되었다. 살균 후 배지 미생물상은 $121^{\circ}C$에서 90분, $109^{\circ}C$에서 2, 4, 6시간, $105^{\circ}C$에서 6시간, $101^{\circ}C$에서 6시간 살균시 버섯유해 곰팡이인 Trichoderma sp.가 검출되지 않았다. 또한, 버섯재배사의 냉각실과 접종실에 UV-C 처리에 의한 미생물의 사멸율을 조사한 결과, $56m^3$의 규모에서 40w짜리 UV-C를 6시간 조사했을 때 세균(Staphylococcus sp.) 사멸율은 99.9%로 거의 검출되지 않았다. 푸른곰팡이류중 가장 큰 오염원인 Trichoderma sp.와 Penicillium sp. 도 UV-C 6시간 조사 시 99.9% 사멸되었고, Cladosporium sp.는 동일 조건에서 90.9% 사멸되었으며 UV-C 12시간 조사시 94.9%의 사멸율을 보였다. 따라서 멸균 조건에 따른 오염율, 전력소비량, 미생물상 등을 종합해볼 때 $121^{\circ}C$에서 90분 고압살균하는 방법이 병재배에서는 적합하다고 판단되었으며, 버섯배양시 발생되는 주요 유해균은 UV-C 6시간 이상 점등 처리시 사멸율이 높았다.

Keywords

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