한국대기환경학회지 (Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment)

  • 제31권3호
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  • Pages.239-254
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  • 2015
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  • 1598-7132(pISSN)
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  • 2383-5346(eISSN)
한국대기환경학회 (Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment)
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도시지역 PM2.5의 HULIS 화학 특성 및 발생 과정 조사

Chemical Characteristics and Formation Pathways of Humic Like Substances (HULIS) in PM2.5 in an Urban Area

  • 손세창 (전남대학교 환경에너지공학과) ;
  • 배민석 (국립목포대학교 환경공학과) ;
  • 박승식 (전남대학교 환경에너지공학과)
  • Son, Se-Chang (Department of Environment and Energy Engineering, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Bae, Min-Suk (Department of Environmental Engineering, Mokpo National University) ;
  • Park, Seung-Shik (Department of Environment and Energy Engineering, Chonnam National University)
  • 투고 : 2015.02.24
  • 심사 : 2015.04.24
  • 발행 : 2015.06.30
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초록

Little information on HUmic-Like Substances (HULIS) in ambient particulate matter has been reported yet in Korea. HULIS makes up a significant fraction of the water-soluble organic mass in the atmospheric aerosols and influence their water uptake properties. In this study 24-hr $PM_{2.5}$ samples were collected between December 2013 and October 2014 at an urban site in Gwangju and analyzed for organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), water-soluble OC (WSOC), HULIS, and ionic species, to investigate possible sources and formation processes of HULIS. HULIS was separated using solid phase extraction method and quantified by total organic carbon analyzer. During the study period, HULIS concentration ranged from 0.19 to $5.65{\mu}gC/m^3$ with an average of $1.83{\pm}1.22{\mu}gC/m^3$, accounting for on average 45% of the WSOC (12~ 73%), with higher in cold season than in warm season. Strong correlation of WSOC with HULIS ($R^2=0.91$) indicates their similar chemical characteristics. On the basis of the relationships between HULIS and a variety of chemical species (EC, $K^+$, $NO_3{^-}$, $SO_4{^{2-}}$, and oxalate), it was postulated that HULIS observed during summer and winter were likely attributed to secondary formation and primary emissions from biomass burning (BB) and traffics. Stronger correlation of HULIS with $K^+$, which is a BB tracer, in winter ($R^2=0.81$) than in summer ($R^2=0.66$), suggests more significant contribution of BB emissions in winter to the observed HULIS. It is interesting to note that BB emissions may also have an influence on the HULIS in summer, but further study using levoglucosan that is a unique organic marker of BB emissions is required during summer. Higher correlation between HULIS and oxalate, which is mainly formed through cloud processing and/or photochemical oxidation processes, was found in the summer ($R^2=0.76$) than in the winter ($R^2=0.63$), reflecting a high fraction of secondary organic aerosol in the summer.

키워드

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