Research in Plant Disease (식물병연구)

The Korean Society of Plant Pathology (한국식물병리학회)
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Control of Powdery Mildew by Foliar Application of a Suspension of Cheonggukjang

청국장 현탁액 오이 엽면처리에 의한 흰가루병 방제효과

  • Kim, Min-Jeong (Organic Agriculture Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Shim, Chang-Ki (Organic Agriculture Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Yong-Ki (Organic Agriculture Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Hong, Sung-Jun (Organic Agriculture Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Park, Jong-Ho (Organic Agriculture Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Han, Eun-Jung (Organic Agriculture Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Jee, Hyeong-Jin (Organic Agriculture Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kwon, Jin-Hyeuk (Eco-friendly Research Department, Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research & Extension Services) ;
  • Kim, Seuk-Chul (Organic Agriculture Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration)
  • 김민정 (농촌진흥청 유기농업과) ;
  • 심창기 (농촌진흥청 유기농업과) ;
  • 김용기 (농촌진흥청 유기농업과) ;
  • 홍성준 (농촌진흥청 유기농업과) ;
  • 박종호 (농촌진흥청 유기농업과) ;
  • 한은정 (농촌진흥청 유기농업과) ;
  • 지형진 (농촌진흥청 유기농업과) ;
  • 권진혁 (경상남도농업기술원 친환경연구과) ;
  • 김석철 (농촌진흥청 유기농업과)
  • Received : 2015.03.09
  • Accepted : 2015.05.08
  • Published : 2015.06.30
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Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate control efficacy of a fermented food 'Cheonggukjang' against cucumber powdery mildew caused by Sphaerotheca fuliginea in greenhouse. Sterilized Daepung beans were inoculated with the rice straw as natural inoculum and then incubated for 72 hrs at $42^{\circ}C$ in the household cheonggkjang maker. After 72 hrs of cheonggukjang fermentation, white zymogens were grown on the surface of a sterile Daepung beans. The pH of the 72 hrs fermented soybean was not significantly changed and electrical conductivity was found to increase by about 2 times than before fermentation. The population density of soybean zymogen showed a peak of growth at 60 hrs after fermentation and the concentration of zymogen was $8.2{\times}10^7cfu/ml$. Soybean zymogen form of the colony was divided into three kinds of bacteria and a white and a large colony (WL) was predominant bacteria among those up to 60 hrs of fermentation. To control the cucumber powdery mildew, diluted solutions of cheonggukjang was applied from 6.0% to 30.0% on cucumber leaves and they showed injury symptoms on cucumber leaves in more than 15% of them. However, more than 6.0% diluted cheonggukjang solutions showed more than 77.8% control effect of cucumber powdery mildew at 15 days after treatment. The fermented bacteria of Chenggukjang were well established in the cucumber leaf area at 15 days after treatment. The antifungal activity of 10% diluted cheonggukjang solutions was excellent for four species of plant fungal pathogens, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Sclerotinia cepivorum, Rhizoctonia sloani and Phytophthora capsici in the dual culture test. Results indicated that foliar application of Cheonggukjang solution could be used for the control of powdery mildews occurring on organically cultivated cucumber.

흰가루병은 온실과 포장 조건에서 재배한 오이에 발생하는 흔한 질병 중 하나이다. 본 연구는 S. fuliginea에 의한 오이 흰가루병에 대하여 발효 식품 '청국장(Daepung)'의 방제효과를 평가하기 위해 실시되었다. 멸균한 '대풍' 콩에 볏짚을 자연 접종원으로 하여 가정용 청국장 제조기에서 $42^{\circ}C$에서 72시간 동안 발효시켰다. 청국장 발효 72시간 후, 멸균된 콩 표면에 흰색의 발효균이 증식하였다. 72시간 발효된 청국장의 pH는 큰 변화가 없었으나 전기전도도는 발효 전보다 약 2배 가량 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 청국장 발효균의 밀도를 조사하였더니 발효 후 60시간에 정점을 보였으며 전체 발효균의 농도는 $8.2{\times}10^7cfu/ml$이었다. 청국장 발효균은 세 종류의 균총 형태로 나누어졌으며 그 중에서 희고 큰 균총(WL)을 가진 세균이 발효 60시간까지 우점하였다. 오이 흰가루병을 방제하고자 오이 잎에 6.0-30.0% 청국장 현탁액을 처리하였더니 15% 이상의 청국장 발효균 현탁액에서 오이 잎에 약해 증상을 보였다. 그러나 6.0% 이상의 청국장 현탁액 처리만으로도 77.8% 이상 오이 흰가루병 방제 효과를 보였다. 또한 청국장 발효균은 처리 후 15일까지도 오이 엽권에 잘 정착하고 있었다. 10% 청국장 발효균 현탁액은 4종의 식물병원균, C. gloesporioides, S. cepvivorum, R. sloani 및 P. capsici에 대해서 항균력이 뛰어났다. 따라서 청국장 발효균 현탁액을 유기농 병해 관리용 자재로 농가에서도 쉽게 활용할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

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