Molecules and Cells

Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology (한국분자세포생물학회)
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Mitochondrial Efficiency-Dependent Viability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mutants Carrying Individual Electron Transport Chain Component Deletions

  • Kwon, Young-Yon (Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University) ;
  • Choi, Kyung-Mi (Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University) ;
  • Cho, ChangYeon (Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Lee, Cheol-Koo (Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University)
  • Received : 2015.06.02
  • Accepted : 2015.09.03
  • Published : 2015.12.31
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Abstract

Mitochondria play a crucial role in eukaryotic cells; the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) generates adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which serves as an energy source for numerous critical cellular activities. However, the ETC also generates deleterious reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a natural byproduct of oxidative phosphorylation. ROS are considered the major cause of aging because they damage proteins, lipids, and DNA by oxidation. We analyzed the chronological life span, growth phenotype, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and intracellular ATP and mitochondrial superoxide levels of 33 single ETC component-deleted strains during the chronological aging process. Among the ETC mutant strains, 14 ($sdh1{\Delta}$, $sdh2{\Delta}$, $sdh4{\Delta}$, $cor1{\Delta}$, $cyt1{\Delta}$, $qcr7{\Delta}$, $qcr8{\Delta}$, $rip1{\Delta}$, $cox6{\Delta}$, $cox7{\Delta}$, $cox9{\Delta}$, $atp4{\Delta}$, $atp7{\Delta}$, and $atp17{\Delta}$) showed a significantly shorter life span. The deleted genes encode important elements of the ETC components succinate dehydrogenase (complex II) and cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV), and some of the deletions lead to structural instability of the membrane-$F_1F_0$-ATP synthase due to mutations in the stator stalk (complex V). These short-lived strains generated higher superoxide levels and produced lower ATP levels without alteration of MMP. In summary, ETC mutations decreased the life span of yeast due to impaired mitochondrial efficiency.

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References

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