DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

대학생들의 창업의지 결정요인에 관한 연구

A study on the entrepreneurial intention determinants of university students

  • 홍정표 (원주 한라대학교 레저관광경영학과) ;
  • 양해술 (호서대학교 벤처전문대학원)
  • 투고 : 2014.08.19
  • 심사 : 2014.11.20
  • 발행 : 2014.11.28

초록

이 연구에서는 대학생들 대상으로 하는 경험적 연구를 통해 그들의 창업의지를 살펴보고, 창업의지에 영향을 미치는 다양한 변수들을 살펴보았다. 창업의지에 대한 각 독립변수들의 영향요인을 검증한 결과, 개인적 특성에서는 개인역량이, 경력지향에서는 안전지향, 자율지향, 기술지향, 사업지향이 각각 유의미한 관계로 나타났다. 창업환경이 창업의지에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과에서는 개인적 네트워크와 창업정책이 유의한 관계가 있는 것으로 확인되었고, 통제변수의 하나로 살펴본 창업교육 유무에서는 창업교육을 받았던 학생이 그렇지 않은 학생에 비해 창업의지가 높아지는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 특히, 다수 변인의 유의성에도 불구하고 창업의지에 가장 유의미한 요인으로 나타난 것은 사업지향성이다. 따라서 대학생들 스스로 사업에 대한 아이디어를 구상하고 이와 관련된 설계 및 자기역량을 강화할 수 있는 다양한 창업 교육 프로그램을 개발, 보급해야 할 것이다.

This study explored the entrepreneurial intention of university students by empirical study on them and studied the various variables, which have impact on their entrepreneurial intention. The result of examination on the impact factors of each independent variable on entrepreneurial intention was as following. There were significant relation with individual ability in individual characteristics and with safety orientation, autonomy orientation, technology orientation and business orientation in career orientation. The examination result on the impact of entrepreneurial environment on entrepreneurial intention was as following. There was significant relation between individual network and entrepreneurial policy. It was also possible to find that a student, who received entrepreneurial education as one of control variables, has higher entrepreneurial intention than a student who did not receive entrepreneurial education. Especially, business orientation was the most significant factor on entrepreneurial intention among multiple significant variables. Therefore, diverse entrepreneurial education programs should be developed and supplied so that university students can create business idea of own and reinforce the design ability related to the business.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Sun-Yung Park, The reformation of the rovernmental support policy for the youth entrepreneurship, master dissertation, Kongju University, 2013.
  2. Joo-Seok Yoon & Joon-Hee Cho, Entrepreneurship and business plan, Seoul : Doonam, 2008.
  3. Choon-Yeop Park, Entrepreneurship, Seoul : Dongguk University Press, 2004.
  4. Chun-Ae Nam, A Study of the Effects of the Characteristics of Bizcool Education, Social Support and Characteristics of Educational Environment on the LearningOutcom and the Entrepreneurial Intention, Ph.D. dissertation, Chonnam University, 2012.
  5. Jung-Hee Hwang, A study on the determinants of business performance for a startup companies : focusing on food service industry, Ph.D. dissertation, Gangwon University, 2013.
  6. Sin-Mo Lee, Articles : A study on the start business of US, Japan & Korean Collegiates, International Area Review, Vol. 9, No. 3, pp. 186-207, 2005.
  7. Ta-Sik Jeon, EASY To LEARN ENTERPRISE MANAGENT, Seoul : Doonam, 2010.
  8. Kyoo-Sung Noh & Hyun-Jig Kang, A Study on the Present Conditions of Promotion Policy and Alternatives to Revitalize the Youth Start-up, Journal of Digital Convergence, Vol. 10, No. 9, pp. 79-87, 2012.
  9. Min-Joo Chung, A Study on the Effects of Emotional Ability on Teamwork Capability and Business Creation Intention - Centering on Airline Flight Attendants -, Ph.D. dissertation, Kyunggi University, 2012.
  10. Timmons, J. A. & Spinelli, S., New Venture Creation: Entereneurship for the 21st Century, McGRAW-Hill, 2006.
  11. Michael, Peneder., "The Meaning of Entrepreneurship: A Modular Concept", Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade, Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 77-99, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10842-009-0052-7
  12. Cristina, Balaceanu. & Diana, Apostol., "DTHE CONCEPT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP THROUGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT PARADIGM", Knowledge Horizons. Economics, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 61-66, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6131-5_4
  13. Teemu, Rantanen., "Students' attitudes towards entrepreneurship in the Uusimaa region in Finland", Interdisciplinary Studies Journal, Vol. 2, No. 4, pp. 48-65, 2013.
  14. Krueger, N. F., "The cognitive infrastructure of opportunity recognition", Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, Vol. 18 No. 3, pp. 5-23, 2003.
  15. Brice, J., "The role of personality dimensions on the formation of entrepreneurial intentions", USASBE Small Business Advancement National Center, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, AR, 2004.
  16. Li, W., "Entrepreneurial intention among international students: testing a model of entrepreneurial intention", USASBE Small Business Advancement National Center, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, AR. 2006.
  17. Hmieleski, K. and Corbett, C., "Proclivity for improvisation as a predictor of entrepreneurial intentions", Journal of Small Business Management, Vol. 44 No. 1, pp. 45-63, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-627X.2006.00153.x
  18. Kennedy, J., Drennan, J., Renfrow, P. and Watson, B., "Situational factors and entrepreneurial intentions", Proceedings of the 16th Annual Conference of the Small Enterprise Association of Australia and New Zealand, Ballarat, 2003.
  19. Ferreira, Joao J., Raposo, Mario L., Ricardo Gouveia Rodrigues., Dinis, Anabela., Arminda do Paco., A "model of entrepreneurial intention", Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, Vol. 19 No. 3, pp. 424-440, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1108/14626001211250144
  20. Dollinger, M. J., Entrepreneurship: Strategies and Resources, 3th ed., Prentice-Hall, 2002.
  21. Jong-Woon Kim, An Analysis of Factors on College Students' Entrepreneurial Intentions: Focused on the Motivation and Intended Startup Time, Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship, Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 79-87, 2014.
  22. Sung-Soon Kim, A Comparative Study of the Entrepreneurial Intention between Korea and China, Ph.D. dissertation, Hoseo University, 2010.
  23. Eun-Joo Park, A Study on the Effect of Entrepreneurship Education on Entrepreneurial Intention on University Student : The Comparison Study Between the Group Depending on Participation entrepreneurship Education, master dissertation, Kongju University, 2012.
  24. Jung-Hoon Seo, A study on the entrepreneurial intention by college students' individual, experiencial and environmental characters, master dissertation, Hanbat University, 2013.
  25. Eook-Yul Park, The influence of individual characteristic factors students and entrepreneurial environmental factors on the environmental intentions, master dissertation, Cgung-Ang University, 2012.
  26. Kyung-Tae Yoo, A Study on Effects of personal characteristics and job Orientation through education factors on the Entrepreneurial intentions, master dissertation, Cgung-Ang University, 2012.
  27. Woo-Jin Lee, The Study on the College Students' Career Reasons Affecting on Self-efficacy and Entrepreneurial Intentio, Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship, Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 113-124, 2013. https://doi.org/10.16972/apjbve.8.3.201309.113
  28. Hye-Sun Kim, The research on the Entrepreneurship's will according to college students's MBTI personality type and Job's type, Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship, Vol. 5, No. 2, pp. 89-114, 2010. https://doi.org/10.16972/apjbve.5.2.201006.89
  29. Yung-Moon Kim, A Study on The Effects of Entrepreneurship Education on Entrepreneurial Intention, Business Management Review, Vol. 47, No. 1, pp. 133-149, 2014.
  30. Hong Kim, The Entrepreneurial Factors and Entrepreneurial Intention on Student, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 263-271, 2012. https://doi.org/10.16972/apjbve.7.1.201203.263
  31. Doo-Sik Jung, empirical study on business start-up education preferences and start-up intentions of university students, Korea Association of Business Conference, 2012.
  32. Myung-Gil Choi & Eun-Joo Park, study on the effects of youth entrepreneurship educationon entrepreneurial intention, Tourism and Leisure Research, Vol. 24, No. 5, pp. 201-220, 2012.
  33. Yung-Mi Oh, The effect of entrepreneurship education program on start-up intention, master dissertation, Hanbat University, 2013.
  34. Woo-Jin Lee, Jin-Soo Kim & Yong-Tae Kim, An Empirical Study on the Influence of Entrepreneurship Education Quality and Satisfaction to University Student's Entrepreneurial Intention, Korea Business Review, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp. 105-131, 2013.
  35. Ki-Il Lee, A Comparative Study of Korean and Chinese Determinant Factors of the Entrepreneurial Intention, master dissertation, Soong-sil University, 2010.
  36. Eun-Ju Park, A Study on the Effect of Entrepreneurship Education on EntrePreneurial Intention on University Student : The Comparison Study Between the Group Depending on Participation Entrepreneurship Education, master dissertation, Chung-Ang University, 2012.
  37. Yun-Ho Yoo, An Empirical Study on Factors Affecting Entrepreneurial Intention : Focused on Career Orientation, Social & Cultural Perception, and Intentions to Participate in Entrepreneurial Support Programs, Ph.D. dissertation, Hoseo University, 2009.
  38. Sang-Hoon Oh & Kyu-Soo Ha, Effects on Entrepreneurial Intention by Start-up Environment and Self-efficacy Mediated by Fear of Business Failure, Journal of Digital Convergence, Vol. 11, No. 8, pp. 143-157, 2013. https://doi.org/10.14400/JDPM.2013.11.11.143
  39. Bong-Ho Yoo, A Study on Influential Factors of Self-leadership on Start-up Intention, The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society, Vol. 15, No. 3, pp. 1382-1389, 2014. https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2014.15.3.1382
  40. Hoi-Yong Jung, study on individual characteristic factors affecting entrepreneurial intentions of startup business candidate, Korea research academy of distribution and management review, Vol. 15, No. 4, pp. 41-53, 2012.
  41. Bang-Sup Yoon, Determinants of Entrepreneurial Intentions : Individual Characteristics and Environmental Factors, Korean Business Review, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 89-110, 2004.
  42. Yun-Ho & dong-Woo Yang, An Empirical Study of Factors Affecting Entrepreneurial Intention Focused on Career Orientation, Social & Cultural Perception, and Entrepreneurial Support Programs, The Korean Society of Business Venturing Conference, 2008.
  43. Min-Joo & Dae-Sung Chang, The Effects of the Emotional Management Abilities over Self and Others on the Service Business Creation Intention -Focused on Airline Flight Attendants-, Journal of Air Transport Management, Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 71-79, 2012.
  44. Myung-Sook Kim, Jae-Hyun Lee & Jong-Wook Ko, The Effectiveness of the Entrepreneurship Education Program for Seniors and the Determinants of Entrepreneurial Intention, Journal of Digital Convergence, Vol. 11, No. 3, pp. 233-241, 2013. https://doi.org/10.14400/JDPM.2013.11.11.233
  45. Kyu-Soo Ha & Ran-Sook Seo, The Demand Level for Business Start-up Education and Willingness of Starting a Business of College Students, The Korean Society of Business Venturing Conference, 2009.
  46. Turker, Duygu & Senem Sonmez Selcuk.., Which factors affect entrepreneurial intention of university students?, Journal of European Industrial Training, 33(2), 2009: 142-159. https://doi.org/10.1108/03090590910939049
  47. Lo, Chung-Min; Wang, Jun-Ren., The Entrepreneurial Intention under Environmental Uncertainty, Journal of Accounting, Finance & Management Strategy, 3(1), Jun 2007: 21-43.
  48. Fayolle, A., "Evaluation of entrepreneurship education: behaviour performing or intention increasing", International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, Vol. 2 No. 1, 2005: 89-98. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJESB.2005.006072
  49. Kickul, J., Wilson, F., Marlino, D. & Barbosa, S., "Are misalignments of perceptions and self-efficacy causing gender gaps in entrepreneurial intentions among our nation's teens?", Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, Vol. 15 No. 2, 2008: 321-350. https://doi.org/10.1108/14626000810871709
  50. Hamidi, D., Wennberg, K. & Berglund, H., "Creativity in entrepreneurship education", Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, Vol. 15 No. 2, 2008: 304-320. https://doi.org/10.1108/14626000810871691
  51. Raposo, M., Paco, A. & Ferreira, J., "Entrepreneur's profile: a taxonomy of attributes and motivations of university students", Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, Vol. 15 No. 2, 2008: 405-418. https://doi.org/10.1108/14626000810871763
  52. Florin, J., Karri, R. & Rossiter, N., "Fostering entrepreneurial drive in business education: an attitudinal approach", Journal of Management Education, Vol. 31 No. 1, 2007:. 17-42. https://doi.org/10.1177/1052562905282023
  53. Bagraim, J. J. & Gird, A., The theory of planned behaviour as predictor of entrepreneurial intent amongst final-year university students. S. Afr. J. Psychol., 38(4), 2008: 711-724.
  54. G. K. Kang., C. R. Kim., linear regression analysis, Seoul : Kowoosa, 2013.