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Effect of Self-care Education at a Diabetes Camp on Diabetes Management Behaviors, Knowledge and Self-efficacy in Children with Type 1 Diabetes

당뇨병 캠프의 자가간호 교육이 제1형 당뇨병 아동의 당뇨관리행위, 당뇨지식 및 당뇨관리 자아효능감에 미치는 영향

  • 강나래 (인하대학교 간호학과 대학원) ;
  • 안영미 (인하대학교 간호학과) ;
  • 이지은 (인하대학교 의학전문대학원) ;
  • 손민 (인하대학교 간호학과)
  • Received : 2014.03.07
  • Accepted : 2014.06.10
  • Published : 2014.07.31

Abstract

Purpose: Study purposes were to exam effects of self-care education for children with type 1 diabetes on their diabetes management behaviors and to explore the relationship among diabetes management behaviors, knowledge, self-efficacy and clinical variables. Methods: This study was a one group quasi-experimental study. Study participants were children with type 1 diabetes and attended a four hour self-care education of a diabetes camp. Data were collected using structured questionnaires including Diabetes Management Behavior Scale (DMBS), Michigan Diabetes Research and Training Center's Brief Diabetes Knowledge Test and Self-Efficacy for Diabetes Self-Management. Results: The mean age of the participants was 12 (${\pm}2.3$) years. After the education, their DMBS and knowledge improved, but the improvement was not statistically significant (t=1.758, p=.101; t=0.528, p=.606). Two areas of DMBS, daily prevention behaviors and modification of care plan, were associated with study variables. Daily prevention behaviors were associated with duration of diabetes (r=.653, p=.008), HbA1c (r=.563, p=.038) and having a complication (r=-2.788, p=.015). Modification of care plan was associated with age at diagnosis (r=-.552, p=.033). Conclusion: Children with type 1 diabetes could improve some parts of their diabetes management behaviors even after a short diabetes camp.

목적 본 연구는 당뇨병 캠프에 참여한 1형 당뇨병 아동 및 청소년을 대상으로 자가간호 교육을 제공하고, 이 교육이 아동의 당뇨관리행위, 당뇨지식 그리고 당뇨관리 자아효능감에 미치는 효과를 파악하기 위함이다. 방법 본 연구는 단편적 서술연구로 인천지역 1개 대학병원에서 시행되었고, 대상자는 당뇨병 캠프에 참여한 제1형 당뇨병을 가진 만 8세-19세의 어린이 및 청소년을 편의추출 하였다. 인구사회학적 변수와 임상적 변수를 포함하여 당뇨관리행위, 당뇨지식 그리고 당뇨관리 자아효능감을 자가보고 방법을 이용하여 수집하였다. 결과 연구에 참가한 대상자들은 15명으로 평균 만 12 (${\pm}2.3$)세였고 여자가 53.3%로 약간 많았으며, 평균 HbA1c는 8.8 (${\pm}2.0$)%였다. 자가간호 교육 후, 당뇨관리행위($.56{\pm}.13$ vs $.60{\pm}.17$, p =.101)와 당뇨지식($70.2{\pm}15.7$ vs $71.6{\pm}14.7$, p =.606)은 점수가 향상하였고, 당뇨관리 자아효능감($6.2{\pm}2.1$ vs $6.1{\pm}2.6$, p =.883)은 감소하였으나 모두 통계적으로 유의하지는 못하였다. 또한, 자가간호 교육 후 향상된 당뇨관련 행위점수와 인구사회학적, 임상적, 사회 심리적 변수와의 상관관계를 탐색해 본 결과 총점과 통계적으로 유의한 상관관계를 보인 변수는 없었다. 결론 당뇨병 캠프 안에서 자가간호 교육 제공은 제1형 당뇨병 아동 및 청소년의 당뇨에게 당뇨관리행위, 당뇨지식 및 당뇨관리 자아효능감의 일부 영역을 향상시켰다. 앞으로 이러한 아동들의 다양한 건강 요구를 반영하면서, 집중적이고 지속적인 교육을 제공할 수 있는 다양한 형태의 교육이 개발되어야 한다.

Keywords

References

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